濕地自我組織設計與功能：以臺灣桃園市大嵙崁人工濕地規劃為例

SELF-ORGANIZATION, DESIGN AND THEIR FUNCTIONS FOR TAKOKAN CONSTRUCTED WETLAND, TAOYUAN CITY, TAIWAN

劉正祥(Cheng-Hsiang Liu) ； 方偉達(Wei-Ta Fang)

《濕地學刊》 5卷1期 (2016/12) Pp. 63-76

摘要

桃園市大嵙崁人工桃園市大溪區，古時被稱爲大嵙崁。大漢溪舊名大嵙崁溪，發源於雪山山脈西麓，經大溪、鶯歌、三峽、樹林、板橋等地區後，流至北臺灣的淡水河，注入臺灣海峽。本區人口總數約有9萬，而且區內著名的豆干產業造成大量污水排放至大漢溪，嚴重影響河川生態環境。有鑑於此，桃園市政府環境保護局啓動「桃園市大漢溪大嵙崁段自然水質淨化工程」，興建人工濕地以處理排放於桃園市大溪區埔頂大排的生活污水。本規劃設計運用環境復育中濕地自我組織及設計的方式，採用河岸灘地建設人工濕地。設計每日處理1萬嚬污水，每年削減生化需氧量98.5公噸、懸浮固體物120.4公噸、氨氮5.1公噸，經過設計操作證明，本設計具備建設成本低、操作維護費用、易融入自然環境及環境衝擊力低等優勢，通過設置自然淨化系統所形成的生態園區，可吸引野生動物來此棲息，爲民衆提供遊憩景點，並可在推廣環保教育方面發揮作用。實驗證明本人工濕地依據生態系統模式自我組織理論，達到環境復育、保育及教育的目標。

關鍵字

公民科學教育化 ； 人工濕地 ； 大漢溪 ； 污染削減 ； 環境復育

並列摘要

Located at Daxi District in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, the Dahan River, formerly known as the Takokan River, originates at the western foot of Hsuehshan Mountain. Flowing through Daxi, Yingge, Sanxia, Shulin, Banchiao, and other districts, it runs into the Danshui River in northern Taiwan, which feeds into the Taiwan Strait. Daxi District, with a population of 90,000 people, has been known as a tofu industrial complex to be discharged large amounts of pollution into the Dahan River, seriously affecting the river's health. Hence, the Environmental Protection Bureau of Taoyuan City has proposed ＂Natural Water Purification Engineering at the Takokan Segment of the Dahan River＂ for the building of constructed wetlands to deal with domestic sewage discharged into the Puding Drainage area at Daxi Township, Taoyuan City. Designed for a daily capacity of 10,000 tons of sewage disposal, the annual reduction of 98.5 tons of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 120.4 tons of suspended solids, and 5.1 tons of ammonia. This wetland has been regarded to be taken many advantages, i.e., lower cost construction, much easier operation and maintenance, higher affinity with the natural environment, and lower environmental impact, etc. Takokan Constructed Wetland, designing as an ecological park, formed by setting up a natural purification system, has become a habitat for wild animals. It provides the general public with an attraction for recreation with designing function in promoting environmental education, conservation, and restoration from self-organization.

並列關鍵字

civic science-based education ； constructed wetland ； Dahan River ； pollutant reduction ； environmental restoration