Effects of Oligohydramnios on Lung Growth in Fetal Rats

羊水過少對胎鼠肺發育的作用

陳中明(Chung-Ming Chen) ； 汪凌芳(Leng-Fang Wang) ； 周綉珠(Hsiu-Chu Chou) ； 藍耀東(Yaw-Dong Lang)

《中華民國兒童胸腔醫學會雜誌》 6卷2期 (2010/04) Pp. 1-9

https://doi.org/10.6322/JPRD.201004_6(2).0001

摘要

肺發育不全偶見於周產期，並且是新生兒死亡的重要原因，羊水過少是最常見的異常之一。新生兒若暴露於胎膜早期破水引起的羊水過少會造成急性呼吸系統疾病，包括提高呼吸器的條件，增加低氧血症和高碳酸血症，肺動脈高壓以及氣漏的發生率。羊水過少影響呼吸系統的確切機制仍然不明。我們報告實驗母鼠於妊娠16天至21天產生羊水過少，看其對妊娠19天和21天胎鼠的肺生長、生長因子及膠原及彈性蛋白表現的影響。我們發現胎鼠暴露於羊水過少，有肺發育不全、顯著降低細胞外基質和轉化生長因子和血小板衍生生長因子的表現。實驗母鼠若以乙酸（10毫克／公斤）治療，可增加胎鼠肺臟血小板衍生生長因子的表現，但並無法加強胎鼠肺部的發育。這些結果表示肺發育過程中對於乙酸的需求是有階段特一性，並且應謹慎給予乙酸。

關鍵字

結締组織生長因子 ； 肺發育不全 ； 血小板衍生生長因子 ； 乙酸 ； 轉化生長因子

並列摘要

Pulmonary hypoplasia is uncommon in the perinatal period and is an important cause of death in newborn infants and oligohydramnios is one of the most commonly associated abnormalities. Neonates exposed to oligohydramnios caused by premature rupture of the membrane have an increased risk of acute respiratory morbidity, including higher ventilator settings, increased incidences of hypoxemia and hypercapnia, pulmonary hypertension, and a trend to more air leaks. The exact mechanism by which oligohydramnios alters the respiratory system remains unknown. We here report the effects of experimental oligohydramnios on lung growth and the expression of growth factors and collagen and elastin in fetal rats on days 19 and 21 of gestation by producing oligohydramnios from days 16 to 21 of gestation in Sprague-Dawley dams. We found that rats exposed to oligohydramnios exhibited lung hypoplasia and significantly decreased extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expression on days 19 and 21 of gestation. Concomitant maternal retinoic acid treatment at a dose of 10 mg/kg increased PDGF expression but did not enhance fetal lung development. These results indicate that there is a stage-specific requirement for retinoic acid during lung development, and retinoic acid treatment should be applied cautiously.

並列關鍵字

connective tissue growth factor ； lung hypoplasia ； platelet-derived growth factor ； retinoic acid ； transforming growth factor