焦慮對事件關聯電位及反應時間影響之探討

The Effects of Anxiety on Event-Related Potentlals and Reaction Time

豐東洋(Dong-Yang Fong) ； 洪聰敏(Tsung-Min Hung) ； 張育愷(Yu-Kai Chang)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 1期 (2001/12) Pp. 99-119

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT.20011201_(1).0007

摘要

Anxiety has a huge impact on sport performance. Depending on one's cognitive and physiological reaction, anxiety has both positive and negative effects on individual's behavior. The mechanism of how anxiety impacts cognitive processes can be revealed by event-related potentials (ERPs) and reaction time (RT). As such, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of anxiety on the amplitude of ERPs and RT. Sixteen male college students participated in this study. ERPs were recorded at scalp site of Fz, F3, F4, Cz, C3, C4, Pz, P3, P4, T3, T4, T5, T6, 01, and 02 of the traditional 10-20 system. ERPs N1 and N2 were obtained at site 01 and 02, while ERPs P3 was obtained at site Pz. For the purpose of the current study, only the amplitudes of these ERPs components were analyzed. The experiment consisted of two conditions. At the control condition, participants were required to perform a discriminating RT task. At the anxiety condition, participants performed a similar discriminating RT task as that of control condition but with a possibility of electrical shock. Paired t test was performed on the a power, the amplitude of Nl, N2, P3, and RT separately. The a power on the right brain (F4) was significant decrease at frontal, central, parietal, and occipital electrodes. The result indicated the electrical shock increased the negative emotional reactivation in anxiety condition. The accuracy of RT was not difference between the two conditions, and RT was faster at the anxiety condition than at the control condition. However, this difference was not observed at the ERPs analysis. ERPs components (1, N2, and P3) could reflect the attention and stimulus evaluation function that revealed anxiety stress was not affect the cognitive processes of information processing in this study. The mechanism of the faster RT may be on the stage of response selection and response execution.

關鍵字

焦慮 ； 事件關連電位 ； 反應時間 ； 覺醒 ； α波功率

並列摘要

Anxiety has a huge impact on sport performance. Depending on one's cognitive and physiological reaction, anxiety has both positive and negative effects on individual's behavior. The mechanism of how anxiety impacts cognitive processes can be revealed by event-related potentials (ERPs) and reaction time (RT). As such, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of anxiety on the amplitude of ERPs and RT. Sixteen male college students participated in this study. ERPs were recorded at scalp site of Fz, F3, F4, Cz, C3, C4, Pz, P3, P4, T3, T4, T5, T6, 01, and 02 of the traditional 10-20 system. ERPs N1 and N2 were obtained at site 01 and 02, while ERPs P3 was obtained at site Pz. For the purpose of the current study, only the amplitudes of these ERPs components were analyzed. The experiment consisted of two conditions. At the control condition, participants were required to perform a discriminating RT task. At the anxiety condition, participants performed a similar discriminating RT task as that of control condition but with a possibility of electrical shock. Paired t test was performed on the a power, the amplitude of Nl, N2, P3, and RT separately. The a power on the right brain (F4) was significant decrease at frontal, central, parietal, and occipital electrodes. The result indicated the electrical shock increased the negative emotional reactivation in anxiety condition. The accuracy of RT was not difference between the two conditions, and RT was faster at the anxiety condition than at the control condition. However, this difference was not observed at the ERPs analysis. ERPs components (1, N2, and P3) could reflect the attention and stimulus evaluation function that revealed anxiety stress was not affect the cognitive processes of information processing in this study. The mechanism of the faster RT may be on the stage of response selection and response execution.

並列關鍵字

anxiety ； event-related potentials ； reaction time ； arousal ； α power