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籃球罰球的腦波心生理學研究—頻譜與維度複雜性分析之比較

EEG Spectral and Dimensional Complexity Analysis between Good and Poor Basketball Free Throw

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摘要


傳統腦波(EEG)頻譜分析的研究顯示出某些大腦活動和動作技能表現之間的關係,本研究同時使用大腦動力的非線性描述和線性的分析,主要探討兩個問題:(1)探討腦波頻譜與維度複雜性(D2)兩種分析下與大腦各部位活動的關係和(2)研究頻譜與維度複雜性(D2)兩種分析在籃球罰球情境下好壞表現時的關異。實驗參與者與爲十位國內大專甲組或職籃選手,以國際10-20系統中的T3、T4、Fz和Pz爲腦波記錄點,另外,以兩個雙極誘導頻道記錄左右以及上下的眼電訊號,又以一組雙極誘導頻道置於右後頸部記錄罰球啓動的肌電訊號。記錄的腦波爲罰球啓動前2秒,收集到的資料以快速扶立葉轉換(FFT)做頻譜分析並且以Dataplore軟件計算D2值,以2×4(表現×電極位置)重複量數變異數分析分別對每個雙數間的關係進行比較,在比較表現好壞時,腦波頻譜分析的結果顯示表現沒有影響效果,可能原因來自於資料分析的時間段過長抵消了表現的效果,而兩側電極位置上的α、β1和β2功率高於中間部位的電極位置,可能受到參照點爲Cz的影響,非線性的分析方面,表現的主效果趨近顯著(p=.09,effect size=.28),在罰球失敗時的D2值有高於罰球成功時的D2值的趨勢,較高的D2值被認爲和認知活動在複雜作業時的表現有關,本研究發現在罰球失敗時大腦皮層有較高的D2值可能是注意力沒有辦法集中的影響,這項結果和過去維度復雜性和注意力相關研究一致,在注意力提昇時,大腦會抑制無關的神經綱絡而使複雜性降低,這個發現值得未來更近一步的研究。

關鍵字

腦波 維度複雜性 籃球罰球

並列摘要


Studies using traditional spectral analysis on EEG revealed some information about brain activity associated with motor skill performance. Both non-linear description of the BEG dynamics and linear analysis were used in this study. The purposes of this study were twofold: (a) to explore differences in area of brain activation between spectral and dimensional complexity analysis; and (b) to investigate the difference of BEG between good and poor performance in basketball free throw condition. Ten male, skilled basketball players were recruited. EEG was recorded at T3, T4, Fz, and Pz according to the traditional 10-20 system. Eyes movements were monitored using 2 bipolar arranged channels. In addition, two EMG electrodes were attached at the trapezius muscle at the dorsal potion of the neck to mark the onset of the shooting. The recorded EEG epoch was the last 2 seconds prior to initiation of free throw. The data were transformed in FFT for spectral frequency and Dataplore software to computed the level of D2. A 2×4 (performance × channel) ANOVA with repeated measures were conducted separately. The results of BEG spectral analysis showed no performance effect, while lateral electrodes showed greater a, β1, and β2 power than that of midline electrodes. For non-linear BEG analysis, performance main effect approach significance (p=.09, effect size=.28). Specifically, D2 for poor performance was larger than that of good performance. Larger D2 has been associated with cognitive activity during performance in complex task. This finding suggests that a greater complexity in cortical activity during poor performance could be a result of failed attention focus. Although speculative, this finding deserves further investigation. Overall, the dimensional analysis may be an useful tool to explore BEG activity in motor skill performance.

參考文獻


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