Impact of Extension Communication Strategies on Improving Farm Allocative Efficiency

不同推廣教育策略對改進農場調整效率之學習效果

吳聰賢(Tsong-Shien Wu)

《農業推廣學報》 8期 (1990/03) Pp. 81-103

https://doi.org/10.29788/RAES.199003.0003

摘要

教育農民透過共同經營，增進企業管理知識和有效使用技術的重要性普獲肯定。雖然實地工作人員同意共同經營可以解決家庭農場低效率問題，但鮮有人會問那些推廣教育策略較能影響農民增進其經營效率。本研究採用兩種推廣教育策略和一種無推廣接觸做為比較。兩種推廣教育策略是，自農事研究班取得消息，和在共同經營班經由「經驗運作」方法學習有關農業機械的知識。使用農場調整效率指數和成本效益，考評農民的經營狀況。調整效率乃謂農民在生產和產品價格考慮下，選擇適量投入和產出的組合效力。本文假設農民因接受不同推廣教育的安排，會顯示同調整效率指標或成本效益比。分析一四九個高梁農場資料顯示，接受兩種推廣教育策略的農民，比無推廣接觸的農民，有較好的表現。但是，教育策略組和消息組比較起來，沒有較好的調整效率，只有較好的成本效益比。計量農業機械和共同經營之益處，改進生活品質和增進經濟效率一樣重要。

並列摘要

Needs of informing and teaching farmers with knowledge of business management and efficient use of technology through academicians. It is largely agreed by practitioners that family farm problems may be solved by having farmers to join group farming. However, few people, if any, would ask what kind of extension communication strategy may be used to influence farmers perform better. Three extension communication strategies are identified, i.e. no extension contact, receive information through ”farm study clubs”, and learn through ”experiance processing” in group farming setting to use farm machinery service. Farm allocative efficiency index and benefit -cost analysis are used as instruments of evaluating farmers performance. Allocative efficiency is defined as the extent to which farmers optimally choose their input and output mix in light of their productions and prevailing prices. It is hypothesized that farmers received different extension communication strategies will be shown to have different allocative efficiency index and benefit-cost ratio. Results of analyzing 149 sorghum farms' materials show that farmers treated with educational strategy through group farming seem to perform better when compare with no extension contact farmers. However, educational strategy samples do not perform better than informational samples on allocative efficiency index but slightly higher on benefit cost ratio. In accounting benefits of farm mechanization and group farming, improving quality of life may be as important as increasing economic efficiency. Knowledges of communication strategy in relation to farmers' performance are in lack. More research on designing effective teaching strategies for farmers are suggested.