高齡農民人力資源發展與應用之研究：以中部地區為例

A Study of Human Resource Development and Application of Elder Farmers: A Case of Taiwan Central Areas

王俊雄(Jiun-Shong Wang) ； 李翠芬(Tsui-Fen Li)

《農業推廣學報》 18期 (2001/12) Pp. 33-47

https://doi.org/10.29788/RAES.200112.0002

摘要

台灣正逐漸邁入高齡化的社會型態，而這個現象在農村尤為顯著，因為農業多屬自雇者的特殊帶動環境且無屆齡退休的限制，導致農業人力資源新陳代謝緩慢，與就業市場年輕化的潮流甚不一致。面對老化所衍生的心理、生理或社會適應問題，從批判年齡主義的立場而言，只要給予適當的發展機制與應用規劃，高齡農民仍可以從事許多工作，在本業勞動與志願服務上展現功能。本文以人力資源的觀點探討中部農業地區高齡農民的特質與需求，以配合國家整體農業教育訓練計畫，並從意見分析中建議高齡人力資源應用策略。研究結果顯示,一半左右的高齡農民表示從農到老，毫無退休意圖，但有34.5%反應受到地震影響，對農業經營漸失信心，且有23.8%的受訪者表示願意轉業。農民的年齡與經營農業涉入程度皆會影響其轉業意願，對於生產技術類的教育訓練需求高於農業經營管理類，約有六成的高齡農民不曾參與志願服務工作而且意願偏低，整體而言，台灣農村的高齡農民是既存的農業人力資源，未來應該淡化其純粹生產者的角色，轉而在技術傳承、鄉村生活與生態保育上發揮影響力。

關鍵字

人力資源發展 ； 高齡農民 ； 中部地區

並列摘要

Taiwan is becoming an elder social structure and the phenomenon is apparently in the rural country. The rare labor of agriculture, no retire aging restriction and most of the farmer are employees by themselves, that causes the metabolism of agricultural human resource inactive. But this is different from the trend of labor market, The elderly people received some problems in psychology, physiology, or social acceptance. A comment on ageism, the elder still can participate in their own works and voluntary services as long as adequate developmental mechanism and applicable program. This study discussed the human quality and demand of elder farmers in Taiwan's middle central areas by a perspective of human resource. Besides, this research conforms to the national agricultural training program and draws strategic advice for elder human resource application. The findings indicate that about half of elder farmers shown retirement. But, there are 34.5% of them a affected from the earthquake, which were decreasing confidence of managing agriculture. Moreover, 23.8% of farmers respond their will of transferring occupation. Farmer's age and occupation affect his transferring will. The training demands of product skills are more than agricultural management. And the will of participating voluntary services is lower. As a whole, there exists the elder human resource in Taiwan's rural community, it's ought to light the role of farm producer and turn to explode the effect in life and ecology.

並列關鍵字

human resource development ； elder farmers ； Taiwan central areas