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德國農業教育體系與農業職業訓練制度之分析

An Institutional Analysis of German Dual System in the Agriculture

摘要


我國農業教育制度歷經1996年的教育制度改革方案與2001年的WTO入會衝擊,如何培育優質的農業專業人力,成為農業永續發展的重要課題。反觀德國二元制技職教育系統已超過35年的發展經驗,被視為正式教育、職業訓練與證照制度三位一體的典範。基此,本研究目的有三:探討德國農業結構與勞動市場的發展情形;釐清德國農業基礎與高等教育體系的分流機制;分析德國農業職業訓練制度內涵。研究成果發現,德國將農業定位為多功能性的產業,因此,其農業教育與職業訓練的目標,除了培養未來農民之外,更將傳統以生產性技能為主的農業專業,擴充至生產健康食物、再生原料與能源作物,規劃鄉村文化資產與生態景觀,以及保護生態與環境等能力。綜合而言,德國農業教育體系與農業職業訓練制度,具備有二元制技職教育的有效整合、農業專業人力的完整劃分、堅實的農業職業訓練制度等三大特色,無論從職業訓練的法源依據與制度規劃,或是農業職業訓練政策的實踐經驗,均值得我國農政機構與教育機關施政參考。

並列摘要


Agricultural education development confronted education system reform in 1996 and WTO free trade competition since 2001 in Taiwan, became a serious issue. However, dual system has developed over 35 years in Germany, which is regard as a paradigm of vocational training. The purposes of this article will explore agricultural structure and labor market in Germany, analyze basic and advanced educational system in the agriculture, and interpret institutional design of agricultural vocational training. Research results find: the agricultural sector is valued as a multi-functional industry. Therefore, the objectives of agricultural vocational education are not only to prepare future framer, but also to train professional manpower in the fields of rural development and enviornmental protection. Taiwan could learn from german experiences, especially in three aspects, which are intergration of formal education and vocational training, grade and classification of agricultural profession, and legalisation and certification of vocational training system in the agricultural.

被引用紀錄


鄭博仁(2011)。農學院大學生的科系認同感與農業態度之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.10750

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