氣候變遷對泥岩地區主要造林樹種耗水量之影響

泥岩地區之優勢植物是土壤中水分之最大的使用者，而刺竹、大葉桃花心木及鐵刀木爲早期之主要造林樹種，對土壤水資源的影響非常重大而水分之使用與植物之耗水量有密切的關係。因此，如何正確的評估優勢植物之耗水量將是非常重要的。由於植物的生長與氣候、土壤及種類等因子有相當密切的關係，所以當氣候發生改變時，植物之耗水量也將隨之發生變化。因此，本研究將利用大氣環流模式（GCM），模擬在氣候變遷的情況下，台灣西南部泥岩優勢植物耗水量之改變。依據模擬之結果，刺竹、大葉桃花心木及鐵刀木其耗水量有明顯增加之趨勢，且刺竹之年耗水量大於其二者，分別爲大葉桃花心木的1.5倍及鐵刀木的2.3倍。因此可知，西南部泥岩地區之刺竹爲高耗水量之植物，尤其於氣候變遷後，其乾旱期（11月～3月）之耗水量平均增加21％，高於雨季（5月～9月）之16％，所以就土壤水資源之利用而言，刺竹林地對乾旱之泥岩地區將造成更大的衝擊。

關鍵字

泥岩地區；氣候變遷；耗水量；大氣環流模式

並列摘要

Dominant afforestation trees consume most of water in soil at mudstone area, which significantly influences management of soil water resources. Because water use is closely related to the water consumption by plants. Thus, it is important to evaluate the dominant plants for water consumption correctly. Plant growth depends on the factors of climate soil species and so on, and thus water consumption may be different due to climate change. Therefore, this study evaluates the impacts of climate change on dominant plants for water consumption use at the mudstone area in southwestern Taiwan by some simulation procedures (General Circulation Model, GCM). The results after simulated show that consumptive use of three dominant plants at the mudstone area is likely to increase after climate change. The Thorny bamboo has more water consumption than Honduras mahogany and Siamese senna. Water consumption of Thorny bamboo is 1.5 times and 2.3 times comparing with Honduras mahogany and Siamese senna. Besides climate change, the consumptive use rate of Thorny bamboo increases about 21% in drought seasons (November through next March) and increases about 16% in rainy seasons (May to September). Obviously, Thorny bamboo will cause the impact for soil water resources on the mudstone area during drought period.

並列關鍵字

mudstone area ； climate change ； water consumption ； GCM

國際替代計量

氣候變遷對泥岩地區主要造林樹種耗水量之影響

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