宜蘭無尾港濕地全湖調查及陸化原因探討

Tidal Current Investigation and Relevant Reclamation Identification of the Wu-wei-kang Wetland

盧道杰(Dau-Jye Lu) ； 施上粟(Shang-Shu Shih) ； 黃國文(Gwo-Wen Hwang) ； 楊勝崎(Sheng-Chi Yang) ； 游紫晴(Zih-Ching You) ； 蔡博文(Bor-Wen Tsai) ； 鍾明光(Ming-Kuang Chung)

《農業工程學報》 58卷4期 (2012/12) Pp. 41-50

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201212.0005

摘要

本研究針對宜蘭無尾港濕地近年發現的濕地陸化現象進行調查及模擬分析，選定由溼地到港口大排及新城溪的六處樣點，與在地保育團體合作，以全潮測量方式調查一個完整潮週的水位及流速資料，並以HEC-RAS模式模擬分析六連閘門操作方式，對濕地之水位、潮流量及潮流體積的影響，除進行現況流況分析外，另模擬六連閘門全開的預案流況。研究發現，本區入流濕地之潮流量遠大於平時港口大排及上游湧泉區入流濕地的淡水流量：閘閥門全開讓潮水自由進出的方式，能維持雁鴨科水鳥喜好之水深條件，有助於緩解無尾港濕地暴露於濕地陸化的風險。現況與預案50%浸淹機率之水深分別為0.17m與0.39m，相差可達0.22m，由此可知六連閘門的啟閉方式，將直接影響無尾港濕地的水文狀態，以濕地保育的觀點而言，應儘速建立適當的水閘門操作規範。

關鍵字

無尾港 ； 濕地 ； 陸化 ； 全潮調查 ； 水理模擬

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the reclamation causes of the Wu-wei-kang wetland. It cooperates with a local conservation organization, and adopts the tidal current investigation to measure the water level and velocity at six points from Kang-kuo canal to the Hsing-cheng creek. The hydrodynamic model, HEC-RAS, was used to examine the scenario analysis of the operation for the water gate connecting the river and its influences. Water level, velocity, tidal current quantity and volume were simulated and calculated. The results show that the tidal current quantity flowing into the wetland is far larger than those freshwater from upstream of the Kang-kou canal and spring. It also reveals opening the gate to allow free flowing in and out for the tidal current can maintain a favorite habitat with proper water level for the wild ducks, which will help to reduce the risk of this wetland on reclamation.

並列關鍵字

Wu-wei-kang ； wetland ； reclamation ； tidal current investigation ； hydrodynamic simulation