空庫排砂與操作排砂之排砂效率比較

空庫排砂之排砂效率高對維持水庫庫容效果好，但消耗較多水資源，對水資源需求量較大地區，進行空庫排砂對水資源之利用較為不利。本文應用所發展之地文性土壤沖淤模式模擬空庫排砂以及不同水位蓄水之排砂操作，以降雨開始之12 小時內進行空庫排砂，並於第13 小時關閉閘門蓄水，達到設定之操作水位時，再開啟閘門進行排砂，操作之蓄水水位分別為30 公尺、31 公尺及32 公尺三種案例。研究結果顯示，經由閘門操作之排砂效率低於空庫排砂之排砂效率，蓄水水位30 公尺、31公尺及32 公尺之操作排砂效率分別為50.13%、50.02%及50.00%，比平均空庫排砂效率(59.91%)降低9.78%、9.89%及9.91%，可見操作排砂效率與空庫排砂效率相差約10%。此結果可作為將來水庫衡量水資源利用與排砂效率之排砂操作策略決策之參考。

關鍵字

地文性土壤沖淤模式；空庫排砂；操作排砂；排砂效率

並列摘要

Flushing is most effective in preserving reservoir storage when a reservoir is completely emptied. However, large volumes of water is needed during empty sediment flushing operations, which might not be well suited in areas of high water demand. In this study, a physiographic soil erosion-deposition (PSED) model was applied to simulate reservoir operations for empty sediment flushing and reservoir desilting. The method of sediment flushing operation began with empty sediment flushing from the commencement of rain for a duration of 12 hours. The outlet gate was closed at the thirteenth hour when the water level reached 30, 31 and 32 meters, respectively. Computed results indicated that the efficiency of operation for reservoir desilting was lower than the efficiency of sediment flushing of empty flushing. The efficiency of operation for reservoir desilting when the water level reached 30, 31 and 32 meters were 50.13%, 50.02% and 50.00%, respectively. On average a sediment flushing difference of about 10% between the operation for reservoir desilting and empty sediment flushing was observed. The findings in this study are of great significance in the management of water resources and in reservoir desilting operations.

並列關鍵字

Physiographic soil erosion-deposition (PSED) model ； Empty sediment flushing ； Sediment flushing operation ； Efficiency of sediment flushing

國際替代計量

空庫排砂與操作排砂之排砂效率比較

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