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The Resistance and Cross Resistance of Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella to Bacillus thuringiensis in Taiwan

小菜蛾對蘇力菌抗藥性及交互抗性

摘要


由三重、溪湖、西螺及路竹採得之小菜蛾以六種商品化之蘇力菌配方(Thuricide、Dipel 2X、Javelin、MVP、Xentari及Turex)測試其感度,並與室內之感性品系進行比較,發現所測試的三個稀釋濃度(4,000倍、32,000倍及128,000倍)下,感性品系之死亡率分別為為96~100%、58~97%及41~81%。而田間品系在相同的三個濃度下,死亡率則為16~100%、0~65%及0~31%,顯示蘇力菌對田間小菜蛾之防治效率已經降低,而證實蘇力菌之抗藥性確實已經發生,尤其以在本省使用歷史最長之Thuricide之抗性最高,其抗性比為118.3。經估計,所採得之田間小菜蛾對三種kurstaki亞種之蘇力菌商品,Javelin、Dipel 2X及Thuricide,之抗性比為55.4~118.3,對蘇力菌單一毒素之產品MVP抗性比為34.9。試驗中並檢測出B.t. subsp. kurstaki造成兩種B.t. subsp. aizawai產品Xentari及Turex之交互抗性,其抗性比為9.9~22.0。以採自相同地區,在室內飼養四年且未受蘇力菌汰選之田間品系測試,對蘇力菌之感度僅微次於感性品系,抗性比在1,3~7.0之間,與田間新採集之小菜蛾對蘇力菌感度有顯著之差異,顯示歷經一段無汰選時期後,小菜蛾對蘇力菌之敏感度會逐漸恢復。本研究確認本省小菜蛾已普遍對兩個蘇力菌亞種之商品均產生抗藥性,且其原因應來自田間長期使用蘇力菌所致。

並列摘要


The Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) resistance has been examined in diamondback moth (DBM, Plutella xylostella), and 4 strains collected from vegetable fields in north(1), central(2) and south(1) of Taiwan were compared to the laboratory-maintained susceptible strain on their sensitivities to six commercial B.t. formulations. Tests were conducted on three fixed dosages i.e., 4,000-, 32,000- and 128,000-fold dilution, from original formulations. In the susceptible strain, three designated dosages caused 96~100%, 58~97% and 41~81% mortalities in contrast to 16~100%, 0~65% and 0~31% mortalities in 4 field strains. The significant lose of B.t. efficacy in the field DBMs has confirmed the existence of B.t. resistance. Thuricide, with its longest marketing history in Taiwan, suffered the worst resistance of R.R.=118.3. The estimated resistance ratios of field DBM to B.t. subsp.kurstaki are 55.4~118.3. For the single CryIA(c) toxin product, MVP, the resistance ratio is 34.9. Mild cross resistances of B.t. subsp. kurstaki to B.t. subsp. aizawai were detected, and the resistance ratios are 9.922.0. By testing the laboratory-reared field DBM colonies on the same 6 designated B.t. formulations, the resistance ratios were 1.3~7.0, and the results indicated their B.t. sensitivities were similar to those of the susceptible strain. Hence the B.t. resistance in DBM will decline when the environment is free from the B.t. selection pressure. Field DBMs collected from different regions showed various insensitivities to all 6 B.t. insecticides, and demonstrated that DBM has responded to the long- term usage of B.t. products in Taiwan’s intensively cultured vegetable fields.

被引用紀錄


張嘉哲(2015)。本土小菜蛾對新穎殺蟲劑之抗藥性研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2015.01475

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