紅外線香菇乾燥與自動監控系統之建立

在香菇乾燥作業之傳統上，是靠燃燒木材或石化燃料所產生之能量來加熱空氣的。在本研究中，嘗試以紅外線作為乾燥能源之可行性。若熱空氣之溫度或流速太高，會使菇體變黑，表面皺縮，造成品質之降低。因此，在乾燥過程中，菇體上能量分佈與水份移動之控制是非常重要的。在本研究中已使用個人電腦與AD/DA界面模組，裝設完成一資料擷取與控制系統，此控制程式使用MS Quickbasic語言撰寫，可於乾燥過程中，即時量取空氣之乾、濕球溫度、菇體表面溫度及香菇重量。而均化之效果（每小時15分鐘），亦在研究之列。試驗結果顯示，紅外線乾燥法是一具相當潛力之香菇乾燥方式，其所需乾燥時間為傳統燃燒燃料乾燥法之三分之一。所需電費較昂貴是該法現階段最大之缺點，然而，仍可被安裝成在急需時之備用裝置。在乾燥中使用均化處理，可導致高品質之產品，在不延長乾燥時間之情況下，可節省四分之一之能量。

關鍵字

紅外線乾燥；香菇；自動監控；均化

並列摘要

Traditionally, the energy source for the heated air in shiitake mushroom drying is fossil fuel. In this study, the feasibility of using the infrared lamp was studied, when the temperature and/or the flow rate of heated air are too high, the fruit body of the mushroom will easily turn black with a sign of burning, and its appearance will wrinkle due to uneven shrinkage, which lead to poor quality products. Thus, the control of the distribution of the energy and the water movement upon fruit body are of great importance during the drying process. A data acquisition and control system was set up using personal computer with AD/DA interface cards. The control program was written in MS Quickbasic. Sensing signals such as dry bulb and wet bulb temperature of air, surface temperature and weight of fruit body were measured in real time. During the drying process, the effect of tempering (15 minutes within each hour) was also studied. The results are promising. Infrared lamp can be a potential mean in drying shiitake mushroom. The drying time required in infrared system needs only one third of that in the traditional fuel burning system. The electricity fee is the major drawback at the present time, yet it can be installed as a backup whe in need. Drying with tempering can lead to a higher quality products. One fourth of the energy can be saved without prolonging the drying time.

並列關鍵字

Infrared drying ； Shiitake ； Automatic control ； Tempering

國際替代計量

紅外線香菇乾燥與自動監控系統之建立

全文下載

主題瀏覽