絲瓜新品種台農一號之育成

Breeding of the Vegetable Sponge F1 Hybrid Cultivar 'Tainung No. 1'

楊偉正(Wei-Zheng Yang) ； 蕭吉雄(Chi-Hsiung Hsiao) ； 黃秋雄(Chiou-Hsiung Huang) ； 劉邦基(Pan-Chi Liou)

《中華農業研究》 51卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 37-48

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200212.0004

摘要

絲瓜‘台農1號，係一代雜交品種，其父本為屏東地方品種經8世代自交純化後之固定品系，母本為圓筒絲瓜‘目瓜’和稜角絲瓜'CITC 70 181'之雜交組合後代作為非輪迥親，圓筒絲瓜‘米筒瓜’作為輪迴親，進行回交育種，所育成之固定自交系(90002)。‘台農1號’屬圓筒絲瓜，植株生長強健，有稜角絲瓜的優良品質，如肉質細嫩翠綠、煮後果肉不易變黑外，還具有節成性強、早生、果實端正、果色鮮綠等特色，並可抗矮南瓜黃化嵌紋病毒、木瓜輪點病毒－西瓜系統、甜瓜綠斑嵌紋病毒等病毒。絲瓜‘台農1號’果實長約20公分、果寬約7公分、果重約560公克、每公頃產量約55,000公斤。日照長短對‘台農1號’雌花的發生及結果影響不大，因此，‘台農1號’除可在秋冬季短日下播種外，尚可在春夏季日照較長的環境下播種，可避免幼苗遭受寒害並有助於產期調節。在分子標誌方面，‘台農1號’以OPC20核酸引子進行RAPD分析，於1,100-bp位置之條帶與其他商業品種有區別，可做為本品種鑑別依據。

關鍵字

絲瓜 ； 育種 ； 種間雜交 ； 抗病

並列摘要

The newly released vegetable sponge 'Tainung No. 1' is a F1 hybrid. The male parent was derived from eight generations of selfing of a local variety originally from Pintung area. The female parent was an inbred line, fixed from a series of backcrossing an interspecific hybrid (Luffa aegyptiaca 'Mu-kua'×L. acutangula 'CITC-70-181') as non-recurrent parent to L. aegyptiaca 'Mi-tun-kua' as re-current parent. The Fl hybrid variety 'Tainung No. 1' has fruit of cylindrical type. This new variety has good vigor, predominantly female flowers and sets fruits early. Its fruit is in dark green color and with good quality. It has resistance to several viruses, including Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), type W isolate of Papaya ringspot virus (PRV-W), and Melon vein-banding mosaic virus (MVbMV). The fruit size of 'Tainung No. 1' is about 20 cm long and 7 cm wide, and its fruit weights about 560 gr in average. With good crop management, the variety is capable of giving a yield of 55,000 kg/ha. The plant is insensitive to day-length, thus its cultivation can be scheduled not only in autumn, but also in summer season, and thus avoid the chill to seedlings in winter season. It is practical for off-season production. We also used molecular marker, i.e. RAPD, to identify different vegetable sponge varieties. It was found that a band of 1,100 bp amplified by a 10-mer primer ”OPC20” was only obtained with 'Tainung No. 1' and its male parent line. This polymorphic marker could be used for variety identification and seed purity test.

並列關鍵字

Vegetable sponge ； Breeding ； Interspecific hybridization ； Disease resistance