A Culture Study on Grass Prawn, Penaeus Monodon, in Taiwan-the Patterns, the Problems and the Prospects

臺灣草蝦養殖之型態及其有關問題之探討

廖一久(I-Chiu Liao)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 5卷2期 (1977/06) Pp. 11-29

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.197706.0002

摘要

草蝦為東南亞最具發展潛力之重要蝦類之一，在臺灣已有頗久之養殖歷史，唯過去其蝦苗完全仰賴天然產者，因此常受天然氣候諸多影響，無法從事計劃性生產，而阻滯於和虱目魚、蟳等混養的粗放式養殖，然而自筆者等，於1968年完成此蝦之繁殖試驗以來，繁殖技術很快推廣至民間，蝦苗生產量直線上昇，養殖型態也漸由粗放式走向集約式。
有鑑於大規模集約式企業化養蝦之卽將來臨，筆者收集一些試驗研究機構以及受本分所委託試養之民間企業之資料並加以整理。首先探討蝦苗之越冬，其次比較粗放式及集約式養殖，進而討論單養及混養，最後探討目前亟需解決之諸項問題。

並列摘要

Prawn culture is increasingly attracting interests throughout the world. Among the numerous prawn species in the world, grass prawn, Penaeus monodon is most suitable for cultivation in Southeast Asia. The culture of P. monodon in Taiwan has a long history and is developing from traditional extensive polyculture into intensive monoculture following the establishment of the propagation techniques. At this time, around 150 private hatcheries are in operation. The culture of grass prawn probably is more advanced in Taiwan than in any other places of the world.
In view of the bright future of the grass prawn culture and for a better understanding of the status and the prospects, the author collected some data from a number of research institutes and private companies. First, discussion on the over wintering of fingerlings was made and the production obtained from the intensive and extensive managements were compared. Then the differences between monoculture of this species and polyculture with others were investigated and the outlook was also described.