國軍幹部身心適應模式探討

Analysis of the Model Regarding Military Officers' Physical and Mental Adjustment

程淑華(Shu-Hua Cheng) ； 溫惠雯(Wen-Hui Wen)

《復興崗學報》 100期 (2010/12) Pp. 225-251

https://doi.org/10.29857/FHKAJ.201012.0010

摘要

國軍軍官是部隊的中堅份子，其身心狀況對於部隊管理、任務遂行都有決定性的影響，若國軍幹部的身心狀況不良，對於部隊也是顆不定時炸彈。但目前國軍心理衛生工作的重點，都將焦點放在士官兵上，對於軍官的輔導較少；因此，希望透過本研究能對國軍幹部的身心狀況多加瞭解，進而提出訓練課程，以增進國軍幹部之適應能力。本研究之目的有以下三點：1、探討不同人格堅忍度傾向者對於壓力知覺的差異；2、了解在相同壓力情境下，個人的壓力認知型態對其適應狀況的影響性；3、分析人格特質、壓力知覺、認知型態與適應等變項間的關係。本研究便利取樣843名志願役與義務役軍官，研究工具為研究者自編之「軍官身心適應問卷」。由研究結果得知：1、堅忍度對壓力知覺具有負向的直接影響；2、人格堅忍度可透過壓力知覺、自我效能、歸因型態影響工作適應，且人格堅忍度亦可透過壓力知覺、自我效能、歸因型態影響軍官之身心適應；3、本研究之軍官身心適應模式在絕對適配指標方面並沒有達到標準，顯示此模式尚且未能解釋軍官幹部之觀察資料。

關鍵字

人格堅忍度 ； 壓力知覺 ； 自我效能 ； 歸因型態 ； 適應

並列摘要

Military officers' physical and psychological adjustments to the stress are very important to the management of troops and missions fulfilled. By now, the focus of mental hygiene is on the soldiers, seldom on the military officers. Therefore, the research attempted to examine: 1. the possible differences in the perception of stress among officers with different levels of hardiness; 2. under the same stressed situation, the influence of an officer's cognitive styles in his/her adjustment；3. the relationships among hardiness, perception of stress, self-efficacy, attribution style, work adjustment and physical and mental adjustment. In addition, the research also tried to establish a theoretical model. In order to obtain the purposes above, the researcher sampled conveniently 843 military officers, and used ”The military officers' physical and mental adjustment questionnaire” to collect data. Results were showed: 1. Hardiness could influence officers' perception of stress directly; 2. Hardiness could influence officers' adjustment through the perception of stress, self-efficacy and attributions; 3. The theoretical model of the military officers’ physical and mental adjustment did not reach expected levels. That is, results revealed that the model could not be used to explain the observed data appropriately. The research also proposed several suggestions for future research.

並列關鍵字

Hardiness ； perception of stress ； self-efficacy ； attributional style ； adjustment