心血管疾病已經成為印尼第一死因。老年人的罹病率較高,而心血管失調或疾病者,其高血壓盛行率是最高的。很多研究已探討營養因子與高血壓之間的相關性,特別涉及代謝症候群這一部分。然而,在印尼瞭解血壓決定因子的研究闕如。有迫切需要去收集有關於印尼老年人的各種血壓危險因子之資訊,讓政策制訂者提供適當的介入計畫。本研究主要目的為研究不同體位的印尼老年人之血壓決定因子。採用多步驟隨機抽樣,共有556名在雅加達的老年人完成此橫斷性研究。數據是以結構性問卷面訪取得,收集體位、血液生化分析及血壓。每日營養素攝取是以World Food 2飲食評估系統分析。以一般線性模式及複迴歸分析評估收縮壓與舒張壓決定因子。單元不飽和脂肪酸、飽和脂肪酸及鈉的攝取、血漿總膽固醇量、總膽固醇與HDL-膽固醇比值及運動指數是正常體位的老年人血壓的決定因子;鉀及鈣的攝取及BMI則是體重過重的老年人之血壓決定因子。
Cardiovascular disease has become the first cause of death in Indonesia. The highest morbidity is found in the aged, and among cardiovascular disorders or diseases, the prevalence of hypertension is the highest. Many studies of the relationship between nutritional factors and hypertension have been conducted, especially with reference to the metabolic syndrome, but studies to understand determinants of blood pressure in Indonesia are lacking. There is an urgent need to gather information about various blood pressure risk factors in Indonesian elderly, which will allow policy makers to provide appropriate intervention programs. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate various determinants of blood pressure in Indonesian elderly who differed in body composition. A cross sectional study was undertaken in Jakarta on 556 elderly using multistage random sampling. Data were collected through interview using structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, biochemical blood analysis, and blood pressure measurements. Daily nutrient intake was analyzed using the World Food 2 Dietary Assessment Program. General Linear Model and Multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine determinants of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Monounsaturated fatty acid, saturated fatty acid, and sodium intake, plasma total cholesterol level, the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol and a sport Index were determinants of blood pressure in the normal weight elderly individuals, while potassium intake, calcium intake and BMI were determinants of blood pressure in the overweight elderly individuals.
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