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The Nutritional Status of Young Children and Feeding Practices Two Years after the Wenchuan Earthquake in the Worst-Affected Areas in China

中国汶川大地震两年后灾区婴幼儿营养状况和喂养行为研究

摘要


本文是中国汶川大地震两年后对受灾严重地区的婴幼儿营养状况和喂养行为进行的调查研究。本研究在四川、陕西和甘肃三个受灾省份抽取四个县中1,254名6-23月龄婴幼儿作为调查对象。以年龄别身长、年龄别体重、身长别体重以及血红蛋白水平作为婴幼儿营养状况的评价指标。调查中还采用问卷向婴幼儿看护人收集了婴幼儿基本信息、婴幼儿父母职业及文化程度、婴幼儿过去两周腹泻和呼吸系统患病情况,以及婴幼儿膳食摄入和喂养行为等相关信息。结果顯示,接受调查的婴幼儿之生长迟缓、低体重、消瘦发生率分别为10.8%、4.9%和2.8%,贫血患病率为52.2%。只有12.3%的婴幼儿在出生后一小时内开奶,90.9%的婴幼儿为母乳喂养。87%的6-8月龄婴幼儿在调查前24小时内摄入了固体、半固体、或软质食物。45%的婴幼儿达到了WHO推荐的最少膳食种类指标,39%的母乳喂养婴幼儿和7.6%的非母乳喂养的婴幼儿达到了WHO推荐的最少食物频率指标。调查结果表明受灾地区婴幼儿存在各种类型的营养不良状况,贫血患病率高,婴幼儿喂养行为状况不理想。需要更多的投入以提高这些婴幼儿的营养状况,并且,将改善婴幼儿喂养行为作为此次营养干预工作内容的一部分是很有必要的。

關鍵字

婴幼儿 生长发育 贫血 辅食 地震

並列摘要


This study was carried out to investigate the nutritional status and feeding practices of young children in the worst-affected areas of China two years after the Wenchuan Earthquake. The sample consisted of 1,254 children 6-23 months of age living in four selected counties from the disaster-affected provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu. Length-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, and hemoglobin concentration were used to evaluate nutritional status. Interviews with selected children's caretakers collected basic demographic information, children's medical history, and child feeding practices. Stunting, underweight, and wasting prevalence rates in children 6-23 months of age were 10.8%, 4.9% and 2.8% respectively, and anemia prevalence was 52.2%. Only 12.3% of children had initiated breastfeeding within the first hour after birth. Overall, 90.9% of children had ever been breastfed, and 87% children 6-8 months of age had received solid, semi-solid or soft foods the day before the interview. The diets of 45% of children 6-23 months of age met the definition of minimum dietary diversity, and the diets of 39% of breastfed and 7.6% non- breastfed children 6-23 months of age met the criteria for minimum meal frequency. The results highlight that a substantial proportion of young children in the earthquake affected disaster areas continue to have various forms of malnutrition, with an especially high prevalence of anemia, and that most feeding practices are suboptimal. Further efforts should be made to enhance the nutritional status of these children. As part of this intervention, it may be necessary to improve child feeding practices.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


Wahlqvist, M. L. (2014). Ecosystem Health Disorders-Changing Perspectives in Clinical Medicine and Nutrition. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 23(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.6133%2fapjcn.2014.23.1.20

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