Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding in Low Birth Weight Infants at NICU Discharge and the Start of Complementary Feeding

從新生兒加護病房出院及開始副食品餵食之際以全母乳哺餵低出生體重嬰兒之相關因素

Kimiyo Mamemoto ； Masaru Kubota ； Ayako Nagai ； Yukihiro Takahashi ； Tomoyuki Kamamoto ； Hideki Minowa ； Hajime Yasuhara

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 22卷2期 (2013/04) Pp. 270-275

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2013.22.2.11

摘要

本研究之目的，為探討從新生兒加護病房出院及開始副食品餵食時，以全母乳哺餵之低出生體重嬰兒及其母親之臨床因素。從2011年6月至9月之間，在日本奈良縣兩間具有三級設備之新生兒加護病房的醫院，共召募來看追蹤門診的低出生體重嬰兒115位及98位母親。從新生兒加護病房出院或開始餵食副食品時之哺餵型態與母親及低出生體重嬰兒之臨床因素資料，是藉由兒童生長圖表或是一對一面訪蒐集。全母乳哺餵的盛行率，在新生兒加護病房出院時，及開始餵食副食品之際，分別為22.6%及15.7%。邏輯斯迴歸分析顯示，新生兒加護病房出院時以全母乳哺餵與母親生產年齡較低及較早的口服營養相關。從新生兒加護病房出院時以全母乳哺餵的26位嬰兒中，有15位在副食品餵食開始之際仍以全母乳哺餵。在新生兒加護病房住院時日較短及較早的口服營養之低出生體重嬰兒，有較高比例在開始副食品餵食時仍接受全母乳哺餵。母體因素與開始餵食副食品時是否以全母乳哺餵，兩者間並無顯著相關。總結而論，儘早開始口服營養，為低出生體重嬰兒無論在新生兒加護病房出院時或是開始副食品餵食之際，以全母乳哺餵的決定性因素。

關鍵字

母乳哺餵 ； 低出生體重嬰兒 ； 新生兒加護病房 ； 面訪 ； 副食品餵養

並列摘要

The aim of the present study was to clarify clinical factors in low birth weight infants and their mothers associated with exclusive breastfeeding at both neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge and the start of complementary feeding. One hundred and fifteen low birth weight children and 98 mothers attending the follow-up clinic of two tertiary NICUs in Nara prefecture (Japan), between June and September, 2011, were enrolled. The relationship between the feeding categories at NICU discharge or the start of complementary feeding, and clinical factors of the mothers and low birth weight infants collected by either their charts or a face-to-face interview was analyzed. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 22.6% at NICU discharge, and 15.7% at the start of complementary feeding. In logistic analysis, exclusive breastfeeding at NICU discharge was associated with mother's younger age at delivery and an earlier start of oral nutrition. Among 26 exclusively breast-fed infants at NICU discharge, fifteen infants (57.7%) were still being exclusively breast-fed at the start of complementary feeding. In low birth weight infants, a shorter stay at NICU and an earlier start of oral nutrition were associated factors with exclusive breastfeeding at the start of complementary feeding. None of maternal factors were found to be associated with exclusive breastfeeding at the start of complementary feeding. Conclusively, starting of oral nutrition as early as possible is thought to be crucial for introducing exclusive breastfeeding in low birth weight infants both at NICU discharge and the start of complementary feeding.

並列關鍵字

breastfeeding ； low birth weight infants ； NICU ； interview ； complementary feeding