Vitamin D Deficiency Awareness among African Migrant Women Residing in High-Rise Public Housing in Melbourne, Australia: A Qualitative Study

本篇研究之目的：1）探討居住於國宅之非裔移民婦女，個人對於維生素D缺乏的認知、經歷和理解之情形；2）確立族群中關於維生素D缺乏之資訊的最有效來源；3）確認防治維生素D缺乏之障礙與可行辦法。本研究以健康信念模式（HBM）為準則，並以任意抽樣方式擇出居於國宅之婦女為研究對象，分成五個焦點討論小組進行（共30位）。為了利於對問題有更深入及概念之理解，利用主題分析法將資料編碼及分類。我們發現，參與者對於維生素D缺乏都有認知，並且可指出維生素D缺乏對於健康的影響。阻礙防治這些婦女維生素D缺乏之因素有：1）她們在澳洲的居住情形；2）擔心患皮膚癌之風險；3）婦女在家庭文化的角色。防治維生素D缺乏最有效的策略，就是同輩間的訊息分享。本研究已突顯此族群中防治維生素D缺乏最需要之健康促進策略，未來針對此族群的健康促進公衛策略應包含以社區為主的同輩教育計畫。本研究也呈現了質性訪問的重要角色，可增加對特殊移民社區之維生素D缺乏現況的深入了解。很明顯的，此問題之解決需整合各界，包含社區本身。醫療照護專業者必須將防治維生素D缺乏之多重障礙納入考量，而這是一個重要的公共衛生議題。

關鍵字

維生素D缺乏；移民；婦女健康；國民住宅；健康促進

並列摘要

The aims of this study were: 1) to explore the individual perceptions, experience and understandings of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) amongst African migrant women residing in high-rise public housing, 2) to identify the most useful sources of information about VDD among this population, and 3) to document the barriers and enablers to addressing VDD. The Health Belief Model was used to guide the study. Convenience sampling was used with women living in particular high-rise public housing. Five focus group discussions were conducted (n=30). Thematic analysis was used to code and categorise the data to develop a deeper, conceptual understanding of the issue. We found that participants were aware of VDD and could identify the impacts that VDD had on their health. Barriers to addressing VDD included the women's: 1) living conditions in Australia, 2) risk of skin cancer, and 3) cultural roles in the family. The most positive strategy for preventing and addressing VDD was peer information sharing. This study has highlighted the significant need for health promotion strategies to combat VDD in this population. Future health promoting public health strategies for this population should encompass community-based peer education programs. This study demonstrates the critical role of qualitative inquiry in gaining a deeper understanding of VDD in a particular migrant community. It is clear that this issue requires a coordinated solution that must involve the community themselves. Health care professionals must take into consideration the multiple barriers that exist to address VDD which is a significant public health issue.

並列關鍵字

vitamin D deficiency ； migrant ； women's health ； public housing ； health promotion

參考文獻

Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2006 Census of Population and Housing (cat. No. 2914.0.55.002). Canberra: ABS; 2007.

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Vitamin D Deficiency Awareness among African Migrant Women Residing in High-Rise Public Housing in Melbourne, Australia: A Qualitative Study

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