Leisure Time Physical Activities and Dietary Quality of the General and Indigenous Taiwanese Populations Are Associated with Fat Distribution and Sarcopenia

臺灣地區群體與原住民成年人休閒體能活動量及飲食品質與體脂分佈及肌少症之關係

Po-Huang Chiang ； Mark L Wahlqvist ； Lin-Yuan Huang ； Yen-Chen Chang

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 22卷4期 (2013/11) Pp. 599-613

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2013.22.4.19

摘要

臺灣原住民因為各種原因而有較高與肥胖相關之健康風險。本研究在探討及比較2005－2008年國民營養健康狀況變遷調查的19歲以上臺灣整體樣本（n=1486）與原住民（n=226）的運動、身體質量指數（BMI）、脂肪分佈（腰圍及三頭肌皮脂厚度（TSF））和中臂肌肉圍（MAMC）。以運動代謝當量（METs）計算研究對象休閒體能活動量（LTPA），並進行兩組樣本的比較。結果發現，原住民男性及女性的肥胖（BMI≥30 kg/m^2）盛行率分別是臺灣整體樣本中成年男性及女性的3.81和5.47倍；約有55%的原住民以及34%的臺灣人沒有休閒運動，而原住民的休閒運動種類也明顯的較少；經過年齡、性別、教育程度、收入、抽菸、飲酒、嚼食檳榔、及飲食品質校正後，適度運動之原住民與台灣整體族群中，有肌少症的風險，分別是沒有運動者的0.13倍（OR=0.13，95% CI：0.03－0.67）及0.61倍（OR=0.61，95% CI：0.37－1.01）；而有運動的台灣成年人中，BMI≥30 kg/m^2和以TSF定義之肥胖風險，分別是沒有運動者的0.53倍（OR=0.53，95% CI：0.31－0.91）及0.77倍（OR=0.77，95% CI：0.60－0.98)。在未校正飲食品質之前，有運動對臺灣成人肌少症的風險具有顯著的保護作用（OR=0.60，95% CI：0.37－0.97），校正飲食品質後其顯著性則消失。進一步分析運動類型對肥胖之影響，進行步行運動的臺灣成年人被發現有較低的肌少症風險（OR=2.07，95% CI：1.26－3.43）。休閒體能活動降低肌少症的風險與種族無關，而在台灣成人中，一定程度上與飲食有關，並且會降低肥胖風險。

關鍵字

肥胖 ； 運動 ； 能量消耗 ； 體組成 ； 肌肉

並列摘要

Indigenous peoples are at greater risk of obesity-related health problems for various reasons. These have been explored in the adulthood (≥19 yrs) section of the nationally-representative Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT) for 2005-2008 in Indigenous mountain-dwelling (IndT) (n=226) and general (mainly Han Chinese) (GenT) (n=1486) Taiwanese. Physical activity, BMI, fat distribution (waist circumference (WC) and triceps skinfold (TSF)) and mid arm muscle circumference (MAMC) have been compared. Leisure-time physical activities (LTPA) were assigned metabolic equivalents (METs). Comparisons were made by ethnicity-locality. Indigenous men and women were 3.81 and 5.47 times more obese (WHO criteria BMI≥30 kg/m^2) than the GenT, respectively. Some 55% of the IndT and 34% of the GenT reported no LTPA. All LTPA types were less evident in the IndT. Multivaiable adjusted ORs (95% CIs) against inactivity as referent were, for sarcopenic MAMC, in Indigenes with MVI-LTPA 0.13 (0.03-0.67) and in the GenT 0.61 (0.37-1.01); in the GenT with LTPA for BMI ≥30 kg/m^2 and obese TSF, they were 0.53 (0.31-0.91) and 0.77 (0.60-0.98), respectively. Without dietary quality adjustment, the sarcopenia risk in GenT with LTPA was significant (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.97). Having adjusted for dietary quality, the significance disappeared. Less sarcopenia was found with ambulation in the GenT (OR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.26-3.43). More over-fatness in an IndT than GenT is associated with less LTPA. LTPA reduces sarcopenic risk irrespective of ethnicity, is partly dependent on diet, and reduces obesity indices in the GenT.

並列關鍵字

obesity ； exercise ； energy expenditure ； body composition ； muscle

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