青少年頭部外傷之調查研究

A Study of Head Injury among Teenagers

吳德敏(Dan-Min Wu) ； 邱文達(Wen-Ta Chiu) ； 洪慶章(Ching-Chung Hung)

《Journal of Medical Sciences》 12卷2期 (1991/10) Pp. 104-115

摘要

本研究係收集民國七十六年七月一日至七十七年六月三十日，一年期間，因頭部外傷在臺北地區二十三所醫院就醫的住院病人或急診病人的病歷為研究資料。共收集到429位病例。主要發現如下：（1）.頭部外傷的發生人數男性（72.3％）高於女性（27.7％）。其中84％是由於交通事故所造成，9％是跌落，5％是外力攻擊。在交通事故中，有77.2％是由於機車肇事，4％是汽車，6％是腳踏車，13％是行人。就時間而言，八至九月為發生頭部外傷高峰。星期方面，以星期日為最高，星期四為最低。頭部外傷的死亡人數為14人，其中男性佔78.6％，女性佔21.4％。（2）.利用Glasgow Coma Scale（GCS）做為評定頭外傷嚴重度的指標，發現調查對象中，77％為輕度傷害，10％為中度傷害，13％為重度傷害。並有48％的患者發生喪失意識的臨床症狀。（3）.就住院日而言，多數患者住院天數在3－14天之間，平均住院日為11.4天，但有6.3％的病人住院超過一個月，且有三分之一的患者住過加護病房。（4）.使用Glasgow Outcome Scale（GOS）做為評定病人預後情形的指標。根據GOS的評定結果顯示，有3.4％死亡，1.2％為植物人，3.2％為嚴重障礙，5.6％為中度障礙，86.6％為良好。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 頭部外傷

並列摘要

A study of head injury among teenagers in Taipei was undertaken from July 1, 1987 to June 30, 1988. Clinical records including emergency room (ER) charts and in-patients charts of the 23 major hospitals. A total of 429 cases were identified. In this research there were four main findings: (1) Head injury was much higher in males (72.3%) than in females (27.7%). 84% were due to traffic accidents, 9% and 5% were due to falls and assaults. Of the traffic accidents, 77.2% involved the use of motorcycles. Passenger cars, trunks and buses accounted for 4% and bicycles accounted for 6%. 13% of the cases was pedestrians. The number of cases peaked during of the month of August throuth September. The occurrence of head injury was the highest on Sunday, and the lowest on Thursday. 14 cases were death, 78.6% for males and 21.4% for females. (2) By using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), the severity of head injury was assessed. 77% had mild brain injury, 10% had moderate and 13% had severe injury. 48% patients reported that loss of consciousness following the head injury. (3) The most of hospital stay was 3 to 14 days and 6.3% are over one month. The average hospital stay was 11.4 days. One third of the case had been admitted at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). (4) The outcomes of the subjects were evaluated using Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Based on GOS, 3.4% died, 1.2% were vegetative, 3.2% were severe disability, 5.6% were moderate disability, and 86.6% were good recovery.

並列關鍵字

Teenagers ； Head Injury