Arginine supplementation is beneficial in cardiovascular diseases; however, its use in inflammatory diseases is still controversial because it may induce excess nitric oxide (NO) production leading to septic shock. Previous studies indicated that peritonitic rats parenterally supplemented with approximately 4% of total calories as arginine exhibited attenuated inflammation and increased immunity; when supplemented with > 6% of total calories as arginine, NO production decreased, but splenocytic immunity also significantly decreased. It is known that inflammatory diseases are closely related to oxidative stress and are associated with muscle loss. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of parenteral arginine supplementation on oxidative and nitrosative stress in erythrocytes and the gastrocnemius muscle in rats with peritonitis. Male Wistar rats subjected to cecal puncture-induced subacute peritonitis were infused with parenteral nutrition solutions containing 1.61%, 2.85%, 4.08%, or 6.54% of total calories as arginine for 7 days, and these were compared to rats that did not undergo surgery and were orally fed. Results showed that parenteral arginine significantly decreased the elevated contents of lipid peroxidation products in the muscle. Arginine supplementation at > 4% of total calories significantly improved the peritonitis-induced increase in plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and the decrease in muscle NOx, increased 3-nitrotyrosin in the plasma and muscle, and decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes (p < 0.05). These results revealed that supplementation with parenteral arginine at a dose of < 4% of total calories may improve NO homeostasis and lipid peroxidation in the gastrocnemius muscle in subacute peritonitis.
Arginine supplementation is beneficial in cardiovascular diseases; however, its use in inflammatory diseases is still controversial because it may induce excess nitric oxide (NO) production leading to septic shock. Previous studies indicated that peritonitic rats parenterally supplemented with approximately 4% of total calories as arginine exhibited attenuated inflammation and increased immunity; when supplemented with > 6% of total calories as arginine, NO production decreased, but splenocytic immunity also significantly decreased. It is known that inflammatory diseases are closely related to oxidative stress and are associated with muscle loss. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of parenteral arginine supplementation on oxidative and nitrosative stress in erythrocytes and the gastrocnemius muscle in rats with peritonitis. Male Wistar rats subjected to cecal puncture-induced subacute peritonitis were infused with parenteral nutrition solutions containing 1.61%, 2.85%, 4.08%, or 6.54% of total calories as arginine for 7 days, and these were compared to rats that did not undergo surgery and were orally fed. Results showed that parenteral arginine significantly decreased the elevated contents of lipid peroxidation products in the muscle. Arginine supplementation at > 4% of total calories significantly improved the peritonitis-induced increase in plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and the decrease in muscle NOx, increased 3-nitrotyrosin in the plasma and muscle, and decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes (p < 0.05). These results revealed that supplementation with parenteral arginine at a dose of < 4% of total calories may improve NO homeostasis and lipid peroxidation in the gastrocnemius muscle in subacute peritonitis.
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