腦性麻痺學童家長對福利補助與服務利用率和滿意度之初探研究

The Utilization Rate and Satisfaction of Welfare Allowance and Services among the Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy

黃千瑀(Chien-Yu Huang) ； 曾美惠(Mei-Hui Tseng) ； 陳官琳(Kuan-Lin Chen) ； 謝正宜(Jeng-Yi Shieh) ； 盧璐(Lu Lu)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 31卷1期 (2013/06) Pp. 73-93

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.2013.31(1).04

摘要

本研究為探討腦性麻痺孩童與照顧者在各福利補助或服務的利用情形，對利用程序之瞭解程度以及對補助或服務的滿意度。我們蒐集與統整臺灣相關福利法規、各縣市福利措施後擬定腦性麻痺孩童福利補助與服務措施滿意度問卷。研究對象為3－18歲腦性麻痺孩童之照顧者，且曾接受社會福利補助或服務。透過十一間腦性麻痺協會寄發700份問卷至腦性麻痺孩童照顧者，以調查照顧者在生活、交通、醫療、輔具以及教育五領域各項福利補助與服務的利用率、瞭解程度與滿意度，共回收156份問卷（回收率22%）。在五個領域中利用率最高的項目分別為生活津貼補助（59.6%）、交通費補助（59%）、接受療育服務（49.4%）、輔具評估／租借／維修／回收（52.6%）、以及學雜費減免（59.6%）。未利用的原因多為不知有該項目，利用與否和對該項目的瞭解程度有低至高度關聯（克瑞瑪係數.28-.81）。滿意度方面，以無障礙校園環境滿意比例最高（70.4%），不滿意比例則以復康巴士最高（20.6%）。生活津貼補助、特殊教育輔具、無障礙校園環境的滿意度在部分人口學變項上有顯著差異。3-6.9歲孩童的照顧者對生活津貼補助滿意度較低。國小或男性孩童的照顧者對特殊教育輔具滿意度較高。徐動型孩童的照顧者對無障礙校園環境滿意度較低，而孩童在特殊學校就讀的照顧者對無障礙校園環境滿意度較高。本研究結果有助於瞭解照顧者之需求，協助治療師成為連結政府福利措施與腦性麻痺孩童及其照顧者之間的橋樑，並能提供給相關主管單位暨專業人員做為未來政策制定與宣傳改進的依據。

關鍵字

腦性麻痺 ； 福利補助與服務 ； 滿意度

並列摘要

The aim of the study was to investigate the utilization rate, knowledge of application procedure for allowances and services, and satisfaction with welfare allowances and services among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Seven hundred questionnaires were mailed to caregivers through 11 CP associations all over Taiwan, with 156 returned questionnaires (22% response rate). Results showed that the items most frequently applied for in each domain were living allowance (59.6%, daily living domain), travel allowance (59%, travel domain), early intervention services (49.4%, medical service domain), services related to evaluation/renting/repair/recycling of assistive devices (52.6%, assistive device domain) and tuition waiver (59.6%, education domain). No knowledge of application procedure for allowances and services was the main reason that caregivers did not use it. Small to high correlations were found between utilization rate and the degree of the knowledge of each item (Cramer's V .28-.81). Caregivers were most satisfied with the barrier-free campus service (70.4%), whereas most dissatisfied with the rehabus service (20.6%). Furthermore, results showed that caregivers of children in the age group of 3.0 to 6.9 years were less satisfied with living allowance. Higher satisfaction with special educational assistive devices was found in caregivers of male children and children in the age group of 7-12 years. Caregivers of children with athetoid subtype reported lower satisfaction with barrier-free campus. Caregivers of children in special educational schools reported higher satisfaction with barrier-free campus than those in regular schools. Results of the study could help the government and clinicians to better understand the needs of caregivers of children with CP, and serve as a reference for future policy making.

並列關鍵字

Cerebral palsy ； Welfare allowance ； Service satisfaction