When trains move underground, the layout of tunnel construction will affect the piston effect. Good layout would safeguard tunnel safety, maintain good environment quality and also conserve energy and save the expense of tunnel construction.The piston effect impels the movement of air in the tunnel. The air migration causes drag forces on the train head and tail and friction forces on tunnel walls and train body. Those forces will have two effects on air in tunnels: one is directly to change the air momentum; while the other is to change the air entropy. The change of air entropy would affect the air pressure as well as air density and sonic velocity. That the change of air entropy is taken into consideration in tunnels is called the non-homentropic flow. Otherwise it is called the homentropic flow. Both homentropic and non-homentropic flow will be discussed in this paper.This paper used the Method of Characteristics (MOC) to analysis air dynamic by homentropic or non-homentropic flow in train tunnels.
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