毛豆新品種『高雄五號』之育成

The Development of New Vegetable Soybean Variety Kaohsiung No.5.

陳庚鳳(K. F. Chen) ； 鄭士藻(S. C. Cheng)

《高雄區農業改良場研究彙報》 8卷1期 (1996/12) Pp. 1-22

摘要

毛豆新品種『高雄五號』係從日本引進的品種『綠光』，利用純系分離選種方法，選取優良單株繁殖，經各級產量試驗及其他相關試驗結果，選出質優、豐產品系『綠光－74』經審查委員審查通過命名推廣。本品種植株高度32－55公分，主莖8－9節，莖粗直徑平均7.3 mm，較抗倒伏，小葉橢圓形濃綠，花白色，莢果長5.3－6.1公分，寬1.3－1.4公分，鮮種仁百粒重71－89公克，成熟種子百粒重38－44公克。本品種播種發芽後26－35天開花，66－79天採收鮮莢，屬中熟品種。本品種莢果大，種仁也大，外觀翠綠，風味好甚受消費者喜愛，唯對生長環境較敏感，尤其在低溫或日照不足的環境下，生產潛力深受影響。因此在栽培上應選擇富含有機質之壤土或砂質壤土，且排水良好又可灌溉的田地為宜，播種適期春作二月下旬至三月上旬，夏作六月下旬至七月上旬，秋作九月上旬至十月上旬，每公頃種子播種量約160公斤，肥料三要素用量，每公頃用氮素20－40公斤，磷酐60－90公斤，氧化鉀60－90公斤，其中氮素1/2量與磷酐及氧化鉀全量作基肥，剩餘1/2氮肥分兩次追肥，即播種後15－20天與結莢期各一次。生育期間蟲害以潛蠅、豆莢螟、紅蜘蛛及蚜蟲為害較多，病害以炭疽病、露菌病、銹病較易發生，宜參照農林廳編印植物保護手冊適時防治，可確保品質與產量。

並列摘要

Kaohsiung No.5, a new variety of vegetable soybean, was selected from the population of Ryokukou, a variety introduced from Japan. The first step was the selection of superior single plants followed by the evaluation of those selected lines through a series of yield trials and relevant experiments. Ryokukou-74 which performed the best was finally named as Kaohsiung No.5. The main characteristics of Kaohsiung No.5 were as follows:1. Plants height is about 32-55 cm with 8-9 nodes along main stem. The flower is white and the oval leaflet is dark green.2. The pod of Kaohsiung No.5 is large of which pod lengh is 5.3-6.1 cm and pod width 1.3-1.4 cm. Fresh weight of 100 fresh seeds is 71-89 grams while dry weight of 100 mature seeds is 38-44 gram. The color of seed coat is light green. The fresh pod tastes very nice for freezing food.3. Kaohsiung No.5 starts flowering 26-35 days after planting and its fresh pod could be harvested 66-79 days after planting. It is sensitive to growth environment such as low temperature and long time shading, which will influenced yield stability. Therefore choosing optimal planting date is very important.