高達美論文本意義與詮釋者的關係

On Gadamer's Theory of the Relationship between the Interpreter and the Meaning of Text

吳澤玫(Tse-Mei Wu)

《哲學與文化》 31卷7期 (2004/07) Pp. 163-183

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200407.0163

摘要

在本文中，我要指出，在高達美的詮釋學中，文本意義與詮釋者之間的關係是：本文意義乃是由詮釋者的歷史處境和文本的歷史處境共同產生的。本文首先說明高達美對於「詮釋學循環」(hermeneutical circle)以及他對文本和詮釋者歷史處境的看法。其次，我以高達美有關時間距離(temporal distance)、完整性前概念(fore-conception of completeness)以及視域融合(fusion of horizons)的概念，藉以說明文本的意義是由文本與詮釋者的歷史處境共同產生的。第三，我將探討三種可能的「我─你」關係，並指出唯有採取開放性的「我─你」關係，詮釋者才能與文本達成共識，且此共識依然是文本本身的意義。最後，其實跟他對詮釋學對象和目的的主張有著密切的關連。

關鍵字

「我─你」關係 ； 完整性前概念 ； 時間距離 ； 高達美 ； 視域融合 ； 詮釋學循環

並列摘要

In this paper I attempt to show Gadamer’s theory of the relationship between the interpreter and the meaning of text. I shall argue that, for Gadamer, the text’s meaning is always co-produced by the historical situation of the interpreter and that of the text. First, I introduce the Gadamerian concepts of hermeneutical circle and the historical situation of both the interpreter and the text. Second, I argue, in terms of three Gadamerian concepts: temporal distance, fore-conception of completeness, and fusion of horizons, that the text’s meaning is co-produced by the historical situation of the interpreter and that of the text. Third, I analyze three kinds of“I-Thou relation”in order to point out that only with an open“I-Thou relation”can the interpreter and the text reach an agreement, which is also the meaning of the text. Finally, I argue that Gadamer’s theory of the relationship between the interpreter and the meaning of text is in fact grounded on his view of the aim of hermeneutics.

並列關鍵字

ofre-conception of completeness ； fusion of horizons ； Gadamer ； hermeneutical circle ； I-Thou relation ； temporal distance

參考文獻

Bontekoe, Ronald(1996).Dimensions of the Hermeneutic Circle.Atlantic Highlands, N. J.:Humanaties Press International.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg,Joel Weinsheimer(Trans./ed.),Donald Marshall(1994).Truth and Method.New York:The Continuum Publishing Company.

Heidegger, Martin,J. Macquarrie(Trans.),E. Robinson(1977).Being and Time.New York:Harper.

Kant, Immanuel,Mary Gregor(Trans./ed.)(1964).Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals.New York:Harper.

Palmer, Richard E.(1969).Hermeneutics: Interpretation Theory in Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Heidegger, and Gadamer.Evanston:Northwestern University Press.