墨學論用

The Mohist Treatise on Use

李賢中(Hsien Chung Lee)

《哲學與文化》 32卷1期 (2005/01) Pp. 97-108

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200501.0097

摘要

本文說明墨學中「用」的意義、「用」的目的、「用」的種類以及墨學之「用」的現代意義。指出墨學中以「用」為核心的概念系統，其中「用」的目的在於功、利、而「利」則相關於時、義。就「義而言，又可從、功的觀點考察。這四層概念結構代表」用「的實踐運行系統；而理論的建構涉及「思」與「言」。在「用」的種類方面，有：體能之用、資財之用、器物之用、道義之用、名辯之用、以及問題意識之用等。如此，呈現出墨學之「用」的思想特色，及現代意義；進而省思一學派之理論與實踐之關系。

關鍵字

用 ； 思 ； 言 ； 行 ； 功 ； 利 ； 時 ； 義 ； 權 ； 志

並列摘要

This paper is to illustrate the meanings, purposes, and types of the Mohist idea of Use and its modem implications. We are going to point out the Mohist conceptual system of Use, where the purposes of Use are Achievement and Benefit, while Benefit is related to Time and Righteousness. Regarding Righteousness, we can explore it in terms of Will and Achievement. These four concepts represent the system of the practical Use, while the theoretical construction involves Thinking and Words. In terms of the types of Use, there are the Use of physical ability, the Use of materials, the Use of instruments, the Use of morality, the Use of name and argumentation, and the Use of problematic consciousness. These types not only show the philosophical attributes of the Mohist Use and their modem implications and but also enable us to have introspection on the relationship between the theory and the practice of an academic school.

並列關鍵字

Use ； Thinking ； Words ； Practice ； Achievement ； Benefit ； Time ； Righteousness ； Power ； Will