傳統思想的現代重構與轉化－以墨、荀為例

傳統思想在文意理解後的理論性建構，是中國哲學研究方法中的重要環節，本文針對理論重構的類型、目的、作用等方面予以析論；並以墨、荀尚賢思想為實際範例，說明操作過程。其中，理論重構的類型有：順向重構、參照重構、擴展重構。順向重構是以文本本身的思路脈絡為根據，目標在盡可能呈現原作者的本意。參照重構是以其他思想為對照組進行同異的比較而建立的理論系統。至於擴展重構根據詮釋者自己的時代背景與思維情境進行重構，其中包含順向擴展與批判性擴展以應用於現代；所謂應用也有理論與實踐之間層次上的不同，這也是傳統思想之現代轉化的重要方向。本文呈現傳統思想之現代重構與轉化的方向、原則、規範及可操作的步驟，以充實中國哲學方法論之內涵。

關鍵字

順向重構；參照重構；擴展重構；中國哲學方法論

並列摘要

Constructing traditional thought theoretically after it's understood is an important element in the study of Chinese philosophy, and here we discuss analytically the types, purposes and effects of theoretical reconstruction, explicating the operational procedure through the examples of Mo Zi and Xun Zi's admiration of sages. Theoretical reconstruction is divided into forward reconstruction, referential reconstruction and expansive reconstruction. Forward reconstruction is based on the philosophical context of the text itself and meant to present what the author meant to say. Referential reconstruction is a theoretical framework built in comparison with other thoughts. As for expansive reconstruction, it's made based on the interpreter's own background and thought, which includes forward expansion and critical expansion that can be applied to the modern times. The so-called application is operated on both the theoretical and practical levels, which orient importantly the modern transformation of traditional thought. This article is meant to present the orientations, principles, guidelines and operational steps of the modern reconstruction and transformation of traditional thought to fulfill the methodologies of Chinese philosophy.