從《天主之城》論奧斯定的歷史觀

A Study of Augustine's History of Philosophy in the City of God

高凌霞(Ling-Hsia KAO)

《哲學與文化》 44卷11期 (2017/11) Pp. 116-134

摘要

奧斯定對歷史的看法，在他的《天主之城》中詳細的表達，按他本人在序論中說，這是一部「艱難與龐大的著作」，是經過長期的沉思，將他的許多思想綜合成書，如一些琢磨的石塊般，構成宏偉的建築物。他從發生的事件，反思歷史的意義。奧斯定因對希臘文薄弱的知識，無法與當時的希臘神學家溝通，反而使他以創新的方法，為西方拉丁基督教會奠下思想的基礎，而他的創意，延續了希臘與西方羅馬教會的傳統。「天城」與「地城」是本書的重要概念，時間與永恆的延續，則是歷史的意義。本文是根據《天主之城》，探討奧斯定的歷史觀。首先是有關天城與地城的思想淵源，其次是本書的性質，最後是奧斯定的歷史觀。

關鍵字

天城 ； 地城 ； 歷史 ； 歷史神學 ； 享用 ； 使用 ； 延續 ； 時間 ； 永恆 ； 奧密

並列摘要

The City of God is a detailed analysis of Augustine's thought on history. He has written in the Preface that it is a great and arduous work. This book is the fruit of long reflection, a synthesis of his ideas on history, like a monumental construction built by wielding pieces of well carved stones. From current events of his time, he reflects on the meaning of history. As his knowledge of the Greek language is inadequate for him to communicate with his contemporary Greek theologians, he is bound is to trail a new path of thinking. He has thus laid down the foundation of theological tradition of the Latin Church. However, his thinking seems to be the discontinuation with the Eastern Christian tradition, in reality, it is the continuity of both. In his book, the ＂city of God＂ and the ＂earthly city＂ are two important concepts, and for Augustine, the continuation of time and eternity is the meaning of history. Based on the City of God, this paper attempts to investigate Augustine's view on the meaning of history. It consists of three parts: the first is a brief account of the source of and the analysis of the concepts of ＂city of God＂ and ＂earthy city＂; the second, an investigation of the nature of this book and the third is an attempt to give a general idea of Augustine's philosophy of history.

並列關鍵字

City of God ； Earthly City ； History ； Theology of History ； Frui (enjoy) ； Uti (use) ； Continuity ； Time ； Eternity ； Mystery

參考文獻

Arendt, Hannah(1996).Love and Saint Augustine.Chicago:The University of Chicago Press.

Augustine, Aurelius,Bourke, Vernon J.(Ed.)(1968).City of God.Toronto:Doubleday.

Augustine, Aurelius,Dyson, R. W.(Ed. Trans.)(1998).The City of God.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

Augustine, Aurelius,Hill, Edmund(Trans.)(2005).The Trinity.New York:New York City Press.

Augustine, Aurelius,Pine-Coffin, R. S.(Trans.)(1961).Confessions.Penguin Classics.