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On the Very Idea of a Minimal Proposition

論極小命題

摘要


Can the idea of a minimal proposition be successfully held? I will first formulate what the minimal proposition is in the minimalist’s mind, taking Emma Borg as the representative. What a minimalist seeks for a minimal proposition is the abstract and skeletal core meaning of a sentence, and this faith is founded on the notion of minimal word meaning—an atomic, code-like, conceptual thing. I show that the problem of this notion of minimal proposition lies in the three features, intuitive read-off, invariantness, and truth-evaluability, that Borg ascribes to it. I shall argue, first, that positing a conceptual-like thing as the invariant minimal content of word cannot support the invariantness of the minimal proposition of a sentence, and second, that the skeletal content, as the minimal proposition of a sentence, is a grammatically analyzed product and thus is hardly truth evaluable. According to the analyses, the idea of a minimal proposition with these three features identified by minimalists cannot be maintained.

並列摘要


本文探討極小命題成立與否的基礎。首先,本文將以Emma Borg為極小主義之代表,釐清極小主義者所謂的極小命題是種語句本身抽象而結構化的核心意義,並被賦予三種特色:直覺的、不變的、有真假可言的。本文論證具有此三種性質的極小命題是難以成立的。首先針對此主張的基礎─字詞本身的極小內容是一種不可再分、密碼般、概念化的對象─本文論證字詞展現在語句中的意義並非如此不變,因此難以支持極小命題的不變性。其次,本文論證,抽象而結構化的極小命題是邏輯分析後的產物,因此難以有真假值可言。

並列關鍵字

極小主義 極小命題 字詞極小意義 Borg

參考文獻


Carston, R. (2002). Thoughts and Utterances. Oxford: Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9780470754603
Bach, K. (1994). “Semantic Slack: What Is Said and More.” S. Tsohatzidis (ed.). Foundations of Speech Act Theory: Philosophical and Linguistic Perspectives (267-291). London: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9780203206478
Bezuidenhout, A. (1997). “Pragmatics, Semantic Underdetermination and the Referential/Attributive Distinction.” Mind, 106: 375-410. doi: 10.1093/mind/106.423.375
Borg, E. (2004). Minimal Semantics. New York: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/0199270252.001.0001
--- (2010a). “Semantics and the Place of Psychological Evidence.” S. Sawyer (ed.). New Waves in Philosophy of Language (24-40). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. doi: 10.1057/9780230248588_3

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