海大、海專及海事高職航海相關科系畢業生上船工作意願差異之研究

Comparing the "Willingness to Work on Ships" among the Maritime Related Graduates from NTOU, MJC and MHS

陳基國(Kee-Kuo Chen)

《運輸計劃季刊》 30卷2期 (2001/06) Pp. 349-369

https://doi.org/10.6402/TPJ.200106.0349

摘要

為分析海大、海專與海事高職航海相關科系畢業生上船工作意願差異，本文首先以7個工作價值要素定義「工作」並建構一工作選擇行為模式，同時調查1997年國立台灣海洋大學，高雄、中國海專及全國5家海事高職航海與輪機相關科系1092位畢業生上船意願，個人背景與上船工作之工作價值滿意程度。又以主成分分析法在7個工作價值要素滿意比例資料中擷取個人與社會需求因子，合併個人背景變數建構上船工作意願之實證模式。並以要徑分析分解模式自變數與上船工作意願之直接與間接關係。研究發現海大與海專畢業生對上船工作意願的直接效果與社會因子之間接效果無明顯差異，其上船工作意願差異完全來自海大畢業生對上船工作所能獲得之個人需求滿意程度認知之不足。海事高職畢業生不順上船工作的原因則是因學制之直接效果所致。

關鍵字

工作價值要素 ； 加權最小平方法 ； 主成分分析 ； 要徑分析 ； 因果關係

並列摘要

To compare the ”willingness to work on ships” (wwos) among the graduates from National Taiwan Ocean University (NTOU), maritime junior colleges (MJC), and maritime senior high schools (MHS), ”job” is defined by 7 job value elements (JVE) and a job choice behaviors model is proposed in this paper firstly. 1092 graduates are surveyed and their wwos, personal information, and the work on ship's satisfaction degree on these 7 JVEs are collected to construct an empirical model to explain the difference. Two common factors, named ”personal demand factor” (pdf) and ”social demand factor” (sdf), are abstracted from 7 JVEs data by principal component method. The final model consisting of 5 variables including NTOU, MJC, marine department, pdf and sdf are built. For the interpretation, the correlation coefficients between wwos and variables in the final model are decomposed in terms of direct, indirect and unanalyzed effects. The direct effects of variable NTOU and variable MJC on wwos are not apparent. The lower wwos of NTOU graduates is completely resulted from the lower indirect effect of pdf of NTO U graduates on wwos. The lowest wwos of MHS graduates is resulted from the lowest direct effect of MHS to wwos.

並列關鍵字

Job value element ； Weighted least squares method ； Principal component analysis ； Path analysis ； Cause-effect relationship

參考文獻

Alderfer, C. P.(1972).Existence, Relatedness, and Growth: Human Needs in Organizational Settings.New York:The free press.

Cody, R. P.Smith, J. K.(1997).Applied Statistics and the SAS Programming Language.Upper Saddle River, NJ.:Prentice-Hall.

Emory, C. W.Cooper, D. R.(1991).Business Research Method.Richard D. Irwin Inc..

Greene, W. H.(2000).Econometric Analysis.Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall.

Holland, J. L.(1973).Making vocational choices: A theory of careers.Englewood Cliff, N. J.:Prentice-Hall.