台灣街屋與中國廣東騎樓之比較研究：以建築法規對傳統街屋騎樓影響為例

Comparative Study on Five-Foot Ways in Taiwan and Guangdong: A Case Study of the Effect of Architectural Law on the Five-Foot Ways of Traditional Shophouses

賴裕鵬(Yu-Peng Lai) ； 聶志高(Chin-Kao Nieh)

《都市與計劃》 38卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 73-98

https://doi.org/10.6128/CP.38.1.73

摘要

本研究旨在探求台粵兩地騎樓式街屋在不同建築法規的規範下，對於兩地騎樓的生成與發展產生何種影響。本文透過兩地騎樓法規的分析，並配合實際的田野調查，得以釐清兩地騎樓與騎樓法規發展之異同及影響。具體之研究成果如下：
1.台粵兩地的騎樓法規雖有部分差異，但皆以「便利行人而益衛生」的觀點來推動騎樓建設。目前在台灣地區由於承襲日治時期制定之騎樓法規，因此騎樓式建築仍持續建設；相對的，廣東地區則於1930年代減緩該類型建築之建設。
2.為使騎樓適應在地風土氣候，兩地均以「地域性」的原則來訂定騎樓的尺度，同時為了增加行人通行的順暢，皆加寬騎樓步幅的寬度。在騎樓高度方面，台灣考量地震的因素抑制了騎樓的高度，廣東則可挑高至二樓。
3.兩地規定均於「私地內」建設騎樓並供公眾使用，違規占用時皆有相關禁令與罰則。另為加速騎樓之興建，台灣以騎樓不納入建築面積做為獎勵；而廣東則以費用貼補來鼓勵騎樓之興建。

關鍵字

騎樓法規 ； 台灣騎樓 ； 廣東騎樓 ； 街屋

並列摘要

This study investigates the effect of architectural law on the development of five-foot ways of shophouses in Guangdong Province and Taiwan. Through analysis of five-foot way law and field investigation, this study clarified the development of five-foot ways and legal influences in both locations, including differences and similarities. This study obtained the following results:
1. Although five-foot way law differs between Taiwan and Guangdong, both regions promote five-foot way construction, in order to ”promote health benefits for residents and offer convenience to pedestrians.” Taiwan currently adopts a five-foot way law formulated during the Japanese colonial period. While five-foot ways are still being constructed in Taiwan, they have been slowly disappearing from Guangdong since the 1930s.
2. To adapt five-foot ways to the local environment, both jurisdictions follow ”different local considerations” to design the dimensions of five-foot ways. At the same time, in order to enhance pedestrian access through five-foot ways, their width has been increased in both locations. In consideration of earthquake risk Taiwan limits the height of five-foot ways, while in Guangdong five-foot ways can be any height up to two floors
3. Taiwan and Guangdong require illegal occupation to be penalized when five-foot ways are constructed on private land for public use. Furthermore, Taiwan encourages the construction of five-foot ways by stipulating that the area utilized by the five-foot way is not included in the overall construction area, while Guangdong provides subsidies to encourage five-foot way construction.

並列關鍵字

Five-foot way law ； Taiwan five-foot ways ； Guangdong five-foot ways ； Shophouses

參考文獻

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