基進民主理論的政治思辨

The Political Speculation in Radical Democracy

蔡英文(Ying-Wen Tsai)

《政治科學論叢》 23期 (2005/03) Pp. 1-26

https://doi.org/10.6166/TJPS.23(1-26)

摘要

本文的旨趣在於闡釋當代基進民主論者針對自由憲政民主之基設所提出的反思批判論，以及就此批判論所形成的民主論述。針對基進民主論述，本文論述的主題如下：「基進」或「野性」民主不僅承認對立衝突即是民主政治的基本性格，而且更進一步將對立衝突解釋為民主政治之本體。既是如此，這種民主理論必然涉及有關對立衝突以及暴力之解釋的議題。若以基進民主內在論證的理路來說，暴力用之於抵抗獨裁或任何型式的暴虐統治，或者在創設新體制的「非常態場合」，是可證明為有效與正當的。但是基進民主因排斥憲政法治以及政治文化的論證環節，致使它很容易走向浪漫主義式的暴力美學的理路，而對於「民主之穩定性」的問題缺乏積極性的論證。

關鍵字

基進民主 ； 民主的不確定性 ； 敵對 ； 權力之虛位 ； 霸權主導權

並列摘要

The aim of this essay is to expound the criticism of Radical Democracy against the postulates of Liberal Constitutionalism. Following from that, this essay contitues to interpret the main topics of Radical Democracy with articulating the argumentations the Radial Democrats elaborate for them. Concerning the theories of Radical Democracy, this essay argues the following thesis: Radical Democracy not only recognizes the poloms (or confliction) as the basic characteristic of democratic politics, but also elevate and elaborate poloms as the ontology of democracy. However, such a democratic theory is necessarily involved with the issues about the interpretations of confliction and violence. In so far as this is concerned, this essay approve that violence can be legitimately used for protesting the dictatorship or any despotism, as well as for creating the liberal constitution. However, since the theories of Radical Democracy explain away the moments of Constitutional law, the institutional arrangement, and the positive functions of public cultures, they are inclined to trap themselves in the romantic aesthetics of violence.

並列關鍵字

radical democracy ； poloms or struggle ； indeterminacy of democracy ； the empty space of power ； hegemony ； aesthetics of democratic politics

參考文獻

林淑芬(2003)。政治行動的可能性條件。政治與社會哲學評論。4，29-72。

Abensour, M.(2002).Savage democracy and principle of anarchy.Philosophy & Social Criticism.28(6),703-726.

Balibar, É.,Trans. Christine Jones(2002).Politics and Other Scene.London:Verso.

Balibar, É.,Trans. Peter Snowdon(1998).Spinoza and Politics.London:Verso.

Clarke, T.(1999).Feyerabend, Rorty, Mouffe and Keane: On Realizing Democracy.CRISPP.2(3),81-118.