依違於婦德與才性之間：《世說新語·賢媛篇》的女性風貌

Fluctuations between "Feminine Virtue" and "Talent and Character": the Portrayal of Women in "Worthy Ladies," a New Account of Tales of the World

梅家玲(Chia-Ling Mei)

《婦女與兩性學刊》 8期 (1997/04) Pp. 1-28

https://doi.org/10.6255/JWGS.1997.8.1

摘要

本論文旨在由「婦德」與「才性」兩方面切入，探析《世說新語•賢媛篇》的女性風貌，進而論述其於家庭／社會政治之互動轇轕中所呈現出的駁雜情態，以及時代意義。文中指出：由婦德、婦言、婦容、婦功所構成的「四德」，是中國傳統社會對女性的普遍要求，但由於魏晉時風崇尚風神才辯之美，因此婦女的言行表現，遂多有超軼「四德」框架之處。而「婦德」與「才性」間的糾結互動，不唯錯綜出〈賢媛篇〉特殊的女性風貌，也展現一定的時代意義。

關鍵字

世說新語 ； 賢媛 ； 婦德 ； 才性

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to examine, from the dual perspective of ”feminine virtue” (婦德)and ”talent and character” (才性), the portrayal of women in ”Worthy Ladies,” A New Account of Tales of the World (世說新語)，and then discuss the mixed condition of female traits, and spirit of the time, which emerged from their convergence at the levels of family, society, and politics. The paper points out the following: the ”four virtues” (四德)-feminine virtue (婦德), feminine speech (婦言)，feminine appearance (婦容), and the feminine work (婦功)-make up traditional Chinese society's demands upon women; however, because of the esteem given to the lady of talent, character, and poise during the Wei and Jin periods, women's speech and behavior, in many respects, surpassed the framework of the ”four virtues.” The mutual convergence between ”feminine virtue” and ”talented character” not only reveals the complex nature of the particular feminine characteristics present in ”Worthy Ladies” but also exhibits a certain spirit of the era.

並列關鍵字

A New Account of the World ； "Worthy Ladies" ； feminine virtue ； talent and character