Decision Making in Public Organizations: An Integrated Framework

公共組織之決策制訂：一個整合的分析架構

張其祿( Chyi-Lu Jang)

《中國行政評論》 9卷2期 (2000/03) Pp. 73-90

https://doi.org/10.6635/cpar.2000.9(2).04

摘要

公部門組織之決策制訂向來為公共行政研究的一項主要課題，但其今日研究方面的限制並不在於理論模式或途徑之不足，而是在於這些模式與途徑往往只提供了部分或是單方面的理論解釋。本文之目的即在於補充此一方面之不足，並企圖提出一整合性的分析架構，以期能輔助研究者對公部門組織之決策制訂有一全面性的認識及了解。建立此一整合性分析架構之相關文獻包括：愛利生決策模型、交易成本經濟學、交易成本政治學，與代理人理論。本文結論認為公部門組織之決策制訂主要受限於以下三方面變數之影響，即決策者的理性限制、決策組織系絡中的代理人問題，以及決策組織所處政治環境中利益各造互動關係之影響。

關鍵字

決策制訂 ； 公共組織 ； 愛利生決策模型 ； 交易成本經濟學 ； 交易成本政治學 ； 代理人理論

並列摘要

A major problem in today’s literature about decision-making in public organizations is not the shortage of theoretical models or approaches, but the insufficiency of these models or approaches in providing a generic and consistent explanation of the dynamics of decision making. Although various models or approaches to the decision-making process have been proposed, most of them seem only to give a partial or one-dimensional explanation. The main purpose of this article is therefore to propose an integrated conceptual framework through which the decision-making process of public organizations can be understood in a holistic and consistent way. Four sources shed light on the development of this new conceptual framework. They are Graham Allison’s models of decision making (1971), transaction cost economics (Williamson, 1985; 1975), transaction cost politics (North, 1990) and the principal-agent theory (Moe, 1984). This article concludes with a proposition that the decision-making process in public organizations is subject to the decision maker’s problem of bounded rationality, the principal-agent problem inherent in organizational context and dynamics, and transaction-cost politics.

並列關鍵字

Decision Making ； Public Organization ； Allison's Model ； Transaction Cost Economics ； Transaction Cost Politics ； Principal-Agent Theory