頭影效應在人耳道口處聲場的影響

The Impact of Head Shadow Effect on Sound Field at Orifice of Human Ear Canal

陳錦國(Chin-Kuo Chen) ； 余仁方(Jen-Fang Yu) ； 蘇仁亮(Jen-Liang Su) ； 陳彥昇(Yen-Sheng Chen) ； 林逸昕(Yi-Hsin Lin) ； 吳哲民(Che-Ming Wu)

《台灣耳鼻喉頭頸外科雜誌》 45卷5期 (2010/10) Pp. 135-139

https://doi.org/10.6286/2010.45.5.135

摘要

背景：本研究主要是建立一套聲場量測系統，用以探討聲源角度、頻率對於耳道口處聲場之頭影效應的影響。
方法：本研究主要以125 Hz 、250 Hz、500 Hz、750 Hz、1 kHz、2 kHz、3 kHz、4 kHz、5 kHz、6 kHz、7 kHz、8 kHz等頻率爲刺激者做測量，並且分別探討裸耳在0度、45度、90度等處之聲源下，聲源角度、頻率對於耳道口處聲場之頭影效應的影響。
結果：聲源位置在90度時，頭影效應頻率在4 kHz~8 kHz時，頭部遮蔽影響較其它頻率明顯；聲源位置在45度時，則在2 kHz~6 kHz之頻率有較明顯的影響，且另外發現聲源頻率在5 kHz時，頭影效應對聲源位置在45度的影響會比聲源位置在90度的影響明顯。
結論：頭部的遮蔽效應在聲源角度不同與頻率不同下會有變化，雙耳選配助聽器或人工電子耳時需要考慮此差異。

關鍵字

頭影效應 ； 聲場 ； 聲音量測 ； 兩耳聽覺

並列摘要

BACKGROUND: The head shadow effect affected by the location of the sound source and stimulus frequencies was not discussed in the literature. This study is to develop a measuring system for the sound field at the entrance of human ear canal for discussing the head shadow effect affected by the location of the sound source and frequencies.
METHODS: This study adopted the pure tones including 125 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 750 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz 4 kHz, 5 kHz, 6 kHz, 7 kHz, 8 kHz as the stimuli and sound source at azimuth angles including 0, 45 and 90 degrees for the measurement about the head shadow effect at the entrance of external auditory canal.
RESULTS: The head shadow effect would occur more apparently at 4 kHz to 8 kHz for 90 degrees of azimuth. For 45 degrees of azimuth, it would be more apparently at 2 kHz to 6 kHz. Especially at 5 kHz, the head shadow effect was larger for 45 degrees than 90 degrees.
CONCLUSIONS: The head shadow effect should be considered for the selecting and fitting of bilateral hearing aids for hearing-impaired persons.

並列關鍵字

head shadow effect ； sound field ； sound measurement ； auditory perception