沈默中的表達，順服中的抗拒：女性性騷擾因應論述的自我培力

Resistance in Oppression, Expression in Silence: The Discursive Empowerment in Taiwan Women's Coping with Sexual Harassment

羅燦煐(Tsun-Yin Luo)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 85期 (2011/12) Pp. 267-316

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.201112.0007

摘要

國內外文獻顯示，性騷擾雖是許多女性的共通經驗，但受擾女性多選擇消極逃避之因應方式。本研究綜觀國內性騷擾因應相關研究，發現多數研究倚賴量化研究法，缺乏以權力女性主義分析觀點，探討受擾女性因應策略的意向與動機。本研究訪談九位女性受訪者對性騷擾的因應意圖及意義建構，發現：1.性騷擾受害女性未採取符合陽剛界定的對抗方式，並非等同女性默許或同意這些行為；2.受擾女性作為「有見識的行動者」，能夠評估社會場域之結構限制，並做出既可保全自我又可衝撞父權壓迫之因應抉擇；3.受擾女性有意識地選擇陰柔因應策略，應被視為「積極性柔弱」；4.受擾女性在考慮是否及如何公開對抗或提出申訴時，經常採取權力轉換策略，以提升自己的行動資源；5.受擾女性透過性騷擾因應論述及意義建構，得以發展自我培力，包括：透過對性騷擾事件之因應及申訴歷程，展現出對女性所處社會政治環境的批判性認知，就近利用相關資源的知能及積極的生命態度，及開始相信自己具有掌控自己生命的知能。綜上所述，本研究認為，女性的性騷擾因應策略於沈默中具有表達，順服中隱含抗拒，因此，即使性騷擾受害女性選擇被動因應或沈默以對，仍應被視為主體性的展現。

關鍵字

性騷擾因應 ； 積極性柔弱 ； 有見識的行動者 ； 權力轉換策略 ； 女性培力

並列摘要

The literature has suggested that, women surviror of sexual harassment tend to adopt passive coping strategies, such as ignoring or avoiding the harassers, in order to survive the oppressive patriarchal system. Nevertheless, mainstream feminists maintain that women's passive copings tend to sustain and re-enforce the oppressive system from which they try to escape. Power feminists present an alternative perspective on defining resistance by and empowerment for women. Based on conceptualizing sexual harassment as discursive practice, they suggest that sexual harassment studies examine the dialectics of silence and expression, and oppression and resistance in women's discursive construction of coping strategies. The present study interviewed 9 women for their construction of their own coping strategies to sexual harassment and sexual assault. In adopting power feminist perspectives to analyze the discursive data, this study found a dialectical relationship between oppression and resistance and a possible transcendence of human agency over social structure. For example, women survivors of sexual harassment, as knowledgeable agents, were able to formulate self preservation strategies based on their social positions and personal resources in responding to sexual harassment incidents. This study considers the coping of affirmative weakness indicative of women's agency instead of total subordination to patriarchy. Furthermore, this study found that some women were able to acquire critical understanding of the patriarchal structure and to affirm their life experience through their coping discourse to sexual harassment. Thus, the study findings support power feminist perspective that women's discursive construction of their coping strategies to sexual harassment indicate possible subversion to and transcendence over the oppressive patriarchy in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

sexual harassment ； coping strategy ； affirmative weakness ； knowledgeable agent ； discursive empowerment

參考文獻

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