Effect of Water-soluble Extracts of Radish Seed Meal on Control of Lettuce Brown Leaf Spot (Acremonium lactucae Lin et al.)

蘿蔔種子粉水溶性抽出物防治萵苣褐斑病的功效

武藤真知子(Machiko Muto) ； 黃振文(Jenn-Wen Huang) ； 高橋久光(Hisamitsu Takahashi)

《植物病理學會刊》 13卷4期 (2004/12) Pp. 275-282

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200412_13(4).0005

摘要

由Acremonium lactucae Lin et al.引起的萵苣褐斑病是台灣新發生的一種病害，目前已成爲有機栽培田的新問題。由十一種具有抑制A. lactucae分生孢子發芽功效的植物水溶性抽出物中，發現蘿蔔種子(Raphanus sativus)及大黃(Rheum palmatum)兩者最具有顯著(P=0.05)降低萵苣褐斑病發生的效果；其中蘿蔔種子粉水溶性抽出物之抑菌效應，隨它的深度由0提高至1%而逐漸增強。在接種病原當天、前或後一天分別噴佈蘿蔔種子粉水溶性抽出液(0.5，w/v)於萵苣植株，可有效抑制萵苣褐斑病的發生。利用SPE及HPLC的方法分離蘿蔔種子粉抽出物中具有抑菌的有效成；進而透過UV、CI-MS、(上標 1)H HMR、(上標 13)C NMR及IR等分析方法的鑑定，證實異硫氰化物(isothiocyanate)群中的萊菔素(sulforaphene)是蘿蔔種子粉具有抑制本菌的主要成分。

關鍵字

萵苣褐斑病菌 ； 植物源農藥 ； 萵苣 ； 萵苣褐斑病 ； 藥用植物 ； 蘿蔔種子 ； 萊菔素

並列摘要

Brown leaf spot caused by Acremonium lactucae Lin et al., has become a serious disease of lettuce grown in organic farming in Taiwan. Of the water-soluble extracts from 11 plant species showing strong inhibitory effects on germination of conidia of A. lactucae, extracts from Raphanus sativus (radish) and Rheum palmatum (Chinese rhubarb) were most effective in reducing disease severity of brown leaf spot of lettuce. The effectiveness of radish seed extracts was increased with concentration increment of the extract from 0 to 1% (w/v). Furthermore, radish seed extracts reduced disease severity most effectively when applied concurrently with inoculation of the pathogen, although radish seed extracts appeared to retain significant antifungal properties when applied one day prior to or after inoculation. Water-soluble compounds from radish seed extracts were separated by SPE and HPLC and tested for suppressive effects on A. lactucae. One compound was noted to have potent inhibitory effects on conidial germination of A. lactucae, and was identified as the isothiocyanate-containing glucoraphenin derivative, sulforaphene by UV, CI-Mass, (superscript 1)H and (superscript 3)C NMR, and IR spectometry. This study suggests that seed meal extracts of radish contain antifungal substance, sulforaphene, with potential for control of brown leaf spot of lettuce.

並列關鍵字

Acremonium lactucae ； brown leaf spot ； lettuce ； Lactuca sativa ； medicinal plant materials ； plant extracts ； radish seed meal ； and sulforaphene