醫護人員對於菸害觀念之認知與反菸行為間差異性之探討

Anti-Smoking Perceptions and Behaviors: A Comparison between Medical and Nursing Personnel

許秀月(S. Y. Hsu)

《護理研究》 1卷3期 (1993/09) Pp. 231-246

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.199309.0231

摘要

本研究旨在了解醫護人員對於菸害認知，抽菸態度、行為、反菸角色認知與實踐之現況及困難，期能為國內醫護人員參與反菸動運的參考。研究對象包括屏東市100床以上地區綜合醫護人員，共359名。以無記名自我填寫式填答案卷，共回收321份，回收率89.42%。所得資料如下：醫師與護理人員抽菸率皆比國內成年男女抽菸率低，也絕不會在病人面前抽菸，是很好的角色模範者。又醫護人員皆認為他們有責任告訴病人抽菸的害處，但對協助病人戒菸，并不認為他們的知識足夠輔導想戒菸的病人戒菸。為發揮教育者的功能，願意接受協助病人戒菸之訓練。大部分有醫護人員會注意做不抽菸的榜樣，但多病人出現與菸有關的疾病症狀時，才會積極度的動病人戒菸，而且很少向上級提出反菸措施建議及做過菸害或反菸調查研究。又性別、職業別、教育別及現在抽菸情形等因素間之交互作用是影響醫護人員抽菸態度、角色認知及實踐的主要因素，菸害認知及抽菸態度分數愈高者，反菸角色認知病人不會接受勸告、沒時間或機會與病人溝通，及沒有權干涉病人。護理人員也認為病人不會接受勸告、不知道教導病人戒菸方法和不知道病人在抽菸。

關鍵字

醫護人員 ； 菸害認知 ； 反菸行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the medical and nursing personnel’s perceptions of the harm from smoking and their behaviors in the hospital. It was also to explore their anti-smoking perceptions and its difficulties in fulfilment. Then they may make reference to it when they make plans for an anti-smoking movement.
Resulting data indicated that the smoking rate of the medical and nursing personnel was lower than that of the adults in our country, and they played the best standard role because they didn’t smoke on duty before the patients. They thought they had the responsibility to tell the patients that smoking is harmful, but they didn’t think they had enough knowledge to guide the patients to give up smoking.
The reasons why the doctors couldn’t advise the patients to give up smoking were that they thought the patients wouldn’t follow their advice; they had no time to communicate with the patients, and they had no right to meddle with others affairs So did the nurses. They also thought the patients couldn’t follow their advice, they didn’t know how to help the patients stop smoking.
In conclusion, I offer the suggestion to the medical and nursing personnel that they play an important role in anti-smoking movement and tell them how to study it in the future. So that the anti-smoking movement will be spread efficiently in the medical field.

並列關鍵字

medical and nursing personnel ； the perceptions of the harm from smoking ； anit-smoking behaviors