臺灣地區不同行政區域主要死因之累積死亡與潛在生命損失累積率

Cumulative Mortality Rates and Cumulative Rates of Potential Life Lost For Main Causes of Death in Different Administrative Areas in Taiwan

張晉豪(Chin-Hao Chang) ； 梁燕青(Yan-Ching Liang) ； 廖勇柏(Yung-Po Liaw) ； 李文宗(Wen-Chung Lee)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 21卷4期 (2002/08) Pp. 243-252

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2002-21-04-03

摘要

目標：本研究比較不同地區主要死因，及各死因對社會衝擊的程度。方法：將民國80至89年臺灣地區的死亡及人口資料予以合併，計算不同區域之死因別累積死亡率(CR)與潛在生命損失累積率(CRPLL)。結果：不同行政區域中，男女性CR多以「惡性腫瘤」為首，男性約32％，女性約19％(山地鄉女性以「腦血管疾病」為首，21％)。CR隨著行政位階的降低增加。不同行政區域中，男性CRPLL皆以「意外事故」為首。其中以山地鄉最高，達1,773天。女性CRPLL在院轄市、省轄市及縣轄市以「惡性腫瘤」為最高(約190天)，然而在平地鄉及山地鄉以「意外事故」最高(平地鄉210天，山地鄉558天)。CRPLL在各行行政區域之排序大致相似。但在山地鄉，「慢性肝病及肝硬化」由第五升至第二；「結核病」由第九升至第六。結論：本研究結果可供中央及各地衛生機關擬定衛生政策之參考。潛在生命損失累積率以及累積死亡率之計算簡單且含意清楚，往後衛生統計應可將其計算及呈現列為例行常規之一。

關鍵字

十大死因 ； 累積死亡率 ； 潛在生命損失累積率 ； 城鄉差異

並列摘要

Objectives: This paper compares the main causes of death in different administrative areas in Taiwan using indices of cumulative mortality rate (CR) and cumulative rate of potential life lost (CRPLL). Methods: Age-specific population numbers and death numbers were abstracted from Vital statistics in Taiwan, 1991-2000. CRs and CRPLLs in different administrative areas in Taiwan were calculated. Results: Among the causes of death that were studied, malignant neoplasm was the highest CR for males (~32%) and for females (~19%) in most administrative areas. (Cerebrovascular disease was the highest CR [~21 %] for females in aboriginal townships.) CRs are higher as the level of the administrative area becomes lower. For males, accidents and adverse effects were the highest CRPLL in every administrative area. This figure amounted up to 1,733 days in aboriginal townships. For females, malignant neoplasm was the highest CRPLL (~190 days) in metropolitan clues, provincial cities, and urban townships, whereas accidents and adverse effects was the highest CRPLL in rural (210 days) and aboriginal (558 days) townships. The ranking of the various causes of death using the CRPLL indices was similar in most administrative areas, but it changed Tram fifth to second and the ranking of tuberculosis climbed from ninth to sixth. Conclusions: The results of this study could be a reference for health agencies, central or local, inorder to make policies. CR and CRPLL can be simply calculated and their meanings are transparent. It is recommended that they be routinely compiled in official vital statistics.

並列關鍵字

ten leading causes of death ； cumulative mortality rate ； cumulative rate of potential life lost ； urban and rural differential

參考文獻

Breslow, N. E., Day, N. E.(1987).Statistical Methods in Cancer Research, Vol II, The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies.Lyon:IARC.

Gardner, J. W., Sanborn, J. S.(1990).Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) - What Does it Measure?.Epidemiology.1(4)

Krieger, N., Williams, D. R., Moss, N. E.(1997).Measuring Social Class in US Public Health Research: Concepts, Methodologies, and Guidelines.Annual Review of Public Health.18

Marlow, A. K.(1995).Potential Year of Life Lost: What If the Denominator?.Journal of Epidemiology Community Health.49(3)

Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S.(1998).Modern Epidemiology.Philadelphia:Lippincott-Raven Publishers.