職業運動總教練更迭與球隊績效之關系—臺灣職業棒球運動之實證研究

Headcoach Succession and Team Effectiveness in Professional Sport — A Case Study on the Professional Baseball in Taiwam

陳天賜(Tien-Tze Chen)

《體育學報》 27期 (1999/09) Pp. 69-80

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0027.199909.2208

摘要

本文主要目的在探討職業運動總教練的更迭與球隊績效關係。首先蒐集了1990年至1998年臺灣的職業棒球23個總教練更迭樣本資料，利用成對t檢定法檢定前任總教練績效與繼任總教練績效差異，得出臺灣職業棒球總教練更迭效果傾向於支持代罪羔羊理論，此種現象與日本職業棒球(Curtis et al., 1986)的情形是一致的，但與北美職業棒球(Grusky, 1963)的情形並不一致。
本文進一步利用統計方法探討有關研究變數問的關係。本文發現臺灣職業棒球總教練的更迭時點在比賽期間，球隊的績效會比在非比賽期間的績效來得好，此與北美職業棒球(Gamson & Scotch, 1964)的情形是一致的。此外，臺灣職業棒球總教練的任期愈長，則球隊的績效會愈好。此與北美職業棒球(Rose, 1969)、日本職業棒球(Curtis et al., 1986)的情形是一致的。又臺灣職業棒球繼任總教練的來源與球隊績效的好壞無關，此與北美職業棒球(Grusky, 1964)、日本職業棒球(Curtis et al., 1986)的情形是不一致的。本文研究結果除可提供臺灣職業棒球球團在總教練更迭的參考外，尚可提供此發展經驗給一些國家發展職業運動時的參考。

關鍵字

更迭 ； 球隊績效 ； 組織變動 ； 更迭時點 ； 球隊歷史 ； 文化背景差異

並列摘要

Based on the data of 23 headcoach succession of Taiwan professional baseball from 1990 to 1998, this paper is to study the relationship between the headcoach succession and the team effectiveness in the professional sports. The pair-wiset test method is employed to explain the team effectiveness difference between the predecessor headcoach and the successor. From the examination, we may find out the fact that the headcoach of professional baseball in Taiwan tend to uphold the ritual scapegoating theory, which corresponds to that of Japanese Professional Baseball (Curtis et al., 1986). However, it is opposite to that of North American Professional Baseball (Grusky, 1963).
Some research methods such as linear regression, correlation analysis and two- way ANOVA are also individually applied to explore the interest fields. We find that the timing of headcoach succession within-season has better effect on the team winning record than of without-season, which corresponds to North American Professional Baseball (Gamson & Scotch, 1964). Besides, the longer the longevity is, the better the team effectiveness is, which corresponds to North American Professional Baseball (Rose, 1969) and to Japanese Professional Baseball (Curtis et al., 1986). There is no significance between the original of a successive headcoach and the team effectiveness, which does not correspond to the North American Professional Baseball (Grusky, 1964) and Japanese Professional Baseball (Curtis et al., 1986).
The findings in this paper may be taken as a reference for the Taiwan Professional Baseball Group in the decision of a headcoach succession. Additionally, some countries apply with the findings shown above when they are shaping a professional sport.

並列關鍵字

succession ； team effectiveness ； organization change ； timing of succes-sion ； team history ； cultural background difference