LDB的休閒知覺自由量表理論模式之研究

The Study of Theoretical Structure of Perceived Freedom for Leisure-Based on Leisure Diagnostic Battery

謝智謀(Chih-Mou Hsieh) ； 陳信安(Shinn-An Chen)

《體育學報》 29期 (2000/09) Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0029.200009.1901

摘要

Ellis和Witt(1994)已對LDB長形式知覺自由理論模式作確認，結果已由單因素模式修正為二因素模式，並將第二因素命名為休閒需求滿意，也建議後續研究應以二階驗證性因素分析對LDB的構面模式作考驗。
本研究以分層隨機叢集法抽出淡水鎮13所國小300名六年級學生為研究對象。以LISREL 8.30作二階的驗證性因素分析來檢測資料的測量模式。研究結果顯示：LDB短形式知覺自由量表的單因素模式和二因素模式在經二階驗證性因素分析結果，兩模式是很相似的，不論是整體模式適合度指標或標準化因素負荷量都很接近，但適合度均不佳，有待進一步作修正，根據文獻，決定以二因素模式作為修正的理論模式。
LDB短形式知覺自由量表的二因素模式之修正過程，是先檢視全部的估計參數（λ值）的因素負荷量顯著性考驗（t值），是否都達顯著水準，未達顯著水準的觀察變項作刪題，刪題後再看整體模式適合度的變化。最後檢查修正指標中的建議及回顧原量表的理論依據，再採用符合原量表理論的修正建議，作模式的修正。LDB短形式知覺自由量表的二因素模式經刪掉一題和模式的修正後，整體模式適合度已良好。
經二階驗證性因素分析結果後，對單因素模式和二因素模式之比較，並對二因素模式的修正之後之結果，提出幾點建議以供未來研究參考。

關鍵字

休閒知覺自由 ； 驗證性因素分析 ； LDB

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the theoretical structure among five components of Perceived Freedom Instrument for Leisure in Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB, Ellis & Witt, 1989) by using the second-order comfirmatory factor analysis. Three hundred subjects were selected from the sixth-grade students at elementary schools in Tam-Sui, Taiwan. Stratified random cluster sampling method was used. The results indicate that one-and two-factor models of perceived freedom for leisure in LDB have no significant differences. Both proposed models are not good fit and need to be modified. According to the literature of LDB, two-factor model is selected to test alternative model. The alternative two-factor model shows good fit. (X2 =319.38, P=0.00, df=244, GFI=0.92, AGFI=0.90, CFI=0.94, RMSEA =0.03, Standardized RMR=0.05).
Based on the alternative model, several recommendations are made:
1. Two-factor model of perceived freedom for leisure in LDB Short Form has good fit. In order to clarify the names of two perceived freedom factors in two-factor model, three alternative suggestions can be made:
(l) Rename the Perceived Freedom Instrument for Leisure.
(2) In the two-factor model, Perceived Competence and Control Scales in the second order factor should be renamed from Perceived Freedom factor to Perceived Competence and Control factor. More measurements of leisure abilities should be added to examine the ability.
(3) It also can remove the Need-Satisfaction Factor and leave Competence and Control Scale to be Perceive Freedom Factor.
2. The results that one-factor and two-factor models were compared in this study are different than Ellis & Witt’s (1994) study. Thus, it is crucial for future study that Perceived Freedom for Leisure Long Form Scale and Short Form Scale should be compared by using second-order confirmatory factor analysis between one-factor and two-factor models .

並列關鍵字

perceived freedom ； confirmatory factor analysis ； LDB

參考文獻

Dattilo, J.,Murphy, W. D.(1991).Leisure education program planning: A systematic approach.

Eillis, G. D.,Witt, P. A.(1989).The Leisure diagnostic battery users manual.

Eillis, G. D.,Witt, P. A.(1994).Perceived freedom in leisure and satisfaction: Exploring the factor structure of the perceived freedom components of the Leisure Diagnostic Battery.Leisure Sciences.16

Joreskog, K. G.,Sorbm, D.(1993).LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling withthe SIMPLIS command language.

季力康(1994)。運動目標取向量表的建構效度—驗證性因素分析的應用。體育學報。18