風險地理、恐懼地景與病理化他者臺灣SARS治理之空間∕權力分析

Risk Geography, Landscape of Fear and Pathologicalized Others a Space/Power Analysis of SARS Governance in Taiwan

王志弘(Chih-Hung Wang) ； 朱政騏(Cheng-Chi Chu)

《中國地理學會會刊》 38期 (2007/03) Pp. 23-43

https://doi.org/10.29972/BGSC.200703.0002

摘要

SARS疫病的散播引發了社會流動的危機和恐懼，引致各種阻絕圈禁的反流動，可以藉由空間∕權力的各種視角加以檢視。傅柯提出的排除、隔離和監視權力機制及其相應的主體化和他者化現象，同時發生於臺灣的SARS處置過程。但是，由國家發動、社會各部門配合運轉的權力空間機制，並非順暢完美的權力機器，反而充滿脫節縫隙、模糊地帶和轉圜餘地，並在SARS衝擊下演變為治理危機。本研究尚關注風險地理和恐懼地景的塑造及不均等分布，視之為空間權力運作的另一種機制，並以臺北市萬華區為例，討論在特定地域的都市政治過程和危機處置脈絡下，地方形象的形成和轉變。最後，本文討論兩種社會改造的空間模型，即公共領域和異質地方：前者強調公共利益的理性討論和公民權利義務的充分發展；後者強調社會和個別主體形塑歷程中反身重構與反省的契機。我們認為，必須將公共領域和異質地方置於前述的空間∕權力運作機制中考察，方能評估其做為反省和抵抗機制的可能性。

關鍵字

SARS ； 空間∕權力 ； 風險地理 ； 恐懼地景 ； 異質地方

並列摘要

This article suggests that we can exam the social phenomena of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) from the perspective of space/power. Firstly, the authors discovered that the mechanisms of exclusion, segregation and surveillance with corresponding subjectification/othering discussed by Foucault, all appeared in the process of dealing with SARS in Taiwan. However, these mechanisms didn't operate smoothly, but were full of disconnection, obscure zones and rooms for conversion, and turned out to be a crisis of state governance. The second part of the article turns to the construction and unequal distribution of risk geography and landscape of fear as another mechanism of space/power. With Wanhua District in Taipei City as an example, the authors discussed the formation and transformation of place image in the context of urban political process and crisis management. In the last part, the authors discussed two spatial models of social transformation, i.e. public sphere and heterotopia. The former emphasizes rational discussion on public interests and development of civil rights and duty; the latter highlights reflexive reconstruction and introspection during the process of shaping social and individual subjects. The authors suggest that we can evaluate their possibility as mechanisms for reflection and resistance if only we consider public sphere/space and heterotopia within these mechanisms of space/power.

並列關鍵字

SARS ； space/power ； geography of risk ； landscape of fear ； heterotopia

參考文獻

吳嘉苓、曾嬿芬(2006)。SARS的風險治理：超越技術模型。臺灣社會學。11，57-109。

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