「一方福蔭」－苗栗公館客家伯公信仰之研究

伯公又稱「土地公」、「福德正神」、「福德爺」、「后土」、「福神」，是管理土地、農作之神，屬於一種自然神祇的崇拜，為臺灣民間信仰當中深具地方色彩的信仰神祇，其不但在聚落發展、族群文化、社會移墾等諸多面向當中扮演重要的文化角色，同時亦是構築聚落文化的一大元素。因此，客家聚落文化的發展，實與伯公的信仰行為有著密不可分的關係作用。本文為筆者針對客家聚落－苗栗公館伯公信仰所作的調查研究，透過實際的田野調查，以及相關口述資料的採集，探微苗栗公館地區伯公信仰內涵及其文化行為，藉以建構客家聚落與伯公信仰二者間的文化脈絡暨多元互動。

關鍵字

苗栗公館；民間信仰；伯公信仰；福德正神；自然崇拜

並列摘要

Fudezhengshen, the god of land managing and the crops, belongs to one kind of natural god worship. It has the deepest local color among the natural god of Taiwan folk believes. Fudezhengshen not only plays a important cultural role in the development of settlement, the tribal culture, the wasteland which the society relocate people to reclaim, and so on but also is a big element in the construction of the settlement culture. Therefore, Hakkas settlement culture's development and the grandfather's elder brother's belief is inseparable. In this article, the author investigates the grandfather's elder brother's belief of Hakka's settlement-Miaoli Gongguan Town. By actual field investigation and collecting oral material, the author researches into the content and the cultural behavior of the grandfather's elder brother's belief at Miaoli Gongguan Town, so as to construct the cultural and multiple interaction between Hakka's settlement and the grandfather's elder brother belief.