杉木心材精油化學成分研究

Chemical Components of Essential Oil in the Heartwood of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.

謝瑞忠(Jui-Chung Shieh)

《台灣林業科學》 14卷2期 (1999/06) Pp. 165-176

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199906.0165

摘要

本研究探尋杉木木材精油含量及其化學成分，精油含量係使用水蒸氣蒸餾法測定，化學成分分離使用柱層層析法分離，並配合氣相層析－質譜儀(GC-MS)之質譜及核磁共振光譜圖鑑定成分。杉木心材含精油為0.77-1.40% v/w，平均含量為1.05% v/w。杉木精油經分離，並配合儀器分析，鑑定出26個成分，主成分為α-cedrol，含量達67.62%，顯示杉木精油可應用於單體香料α-cedrol的來源。在鑑定出26個成分中有10個成分如widdrene及cedryl acetate等首次被發現存在於杉木精油中。

關鍵字

杉木 ； 精油 ； 含油量 ； 化學成分

並列摘要

This study identifies the chemical compounds in the heartwood of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb. Hook. Essential oil of the wood was obtained from sawdust by steam distillation. Following further separation, 4 fractions of the heartwood essential oil were obtained by silica-gel column chromatography. Each fraction was then analyzed by GC and GC-MS to identify the components. The crystalline compound (fraction 3) from the essential oil of C. lanceolata wood was identified by instrumental analyses (GC, IR, NMR, and GC-MS). The less than 0.01% essential-oil content in sapwood may not have enough value to study its chemical components, therefore it is not discussed in this paper. Range yield of essential oils obtained from the heartwood of C. lanceolata was 0.77-1.40% v/w; average essential-oil contents were 1.05% v/w. α-Cedrol was the major component accounting for 67.62% of the total essential oils. The other 25 minor compounds include α-pinene, β-pinene, α-limonene, β-phellandrene, ρ-cymene, terpinolene, β-himachalene, α-cedrene, γ-muurolene, widdrene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-terpineol, longipinene, α-amorphene, α-muurolene, γ-elemene, γ-cadinene, α-curcumene, cuparene, caryophyllene oxide, α-terpinyl acetate, β-bisabolol, cedryl acetate, α-bisabolol, and manool etc. are also presented. Among these, the 10 components, widdrene, longipinene, α-amorphene, γ-elemene, γ-cadinene, caryophyllene oxide, β-bisabolol, cedryl acetate, α-bisabolol, and manool, are reported for the 1st time in the heartwood essential oil of C. lanceolata.

並列關鍵字

Cunninghamia lanceolata ； essential oil ； oil content ； chemical component