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印刷級脫墨漿的漂白研究

Bleaching of Deinked Printing and Writing Paper Pulps

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摘要


本論文探討以不含氯氣之漂白劑進行再生纖維,回收新聞紙、回收影印紙及回收染色紙的電話簿紙(ONP、OXP、OTB)為原料之脫墨再生紙漿的漂白作業,以達到研製高品質、高白度紙漿之需求。再生新聞脫墨漿以氧化劑配合還原劑漂白之各漂白流程,可漂至超過原紙的白度,多段漂白更可漂至白度60% ISO以上,且其漂白收率亦高。回收影印紙脫墨漿的漂白,以FAS或H2O2單段漂白在添加量2%時二者均可提升白度至80%左右,且漂白後白度安定性有明顯的改善。漂白活性化劑(TAED)處理之H2O2漂白較單純H2O2漂白者可提升約3% ISO白度。有色廢紙以兩段過氧化氫配合漂白活性化劑處理之H2O2修飾漂白最終白度,白度可達70% ISO以上,若再經FAS處理則白度更可達74.7% ISO。有色廢紙再生漿的漂白如舊電話簿紙脫墨漿的次氯酸鹽、過氧化氫漂白即先經l-5%次氯酸鹽(NaOCl)浸漬後,再行過氧化氫漂白,白度增加值隨著H2O2用量而增加。以不同濃度H2O2漂白,白度無論次氯酸鹽段之使用量,每提升一度所需H2O2消費量(最小量),以10% H2O2漂白為最佳,各漂白條件最終白度可達70% ISO左右。考慮經濟成本及紙漿品質等因素,以3%次氯酸鹽浸漬及H2O2用量在10%時為最佳之漂白條件,白度可達69% ISO。5%次氯酸鹽處理再經15% H2O2處理及添加H2O2活性化劑之2% H2O2漂白白度可達74.4% ISO。再經還原處理,白度未明顯增加。此與只採過氧化氫漂白者不同,過氧化氫漂白後經FAS處理則白度提升。有色廢紙在不同有效氯浸漬後,以5-15% H2O2不同用量之Hypo•H2O2漂白系統處理之紙漿,紙漿纖維間之鍵結增加,且纖維較為平整,紙張密度隨漂白劑用量增加而增加,相對的各種紙力如抗張指數、破裂指數及耐摺力亦隨之增加。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to establish elemental chlorine-free bleaching sequences to bleach deinked pulp (DIP) from old newspaper (ONP), old xerographic paper (OXP), and old telephone books (OTB). Oxidative and reductive bleaching agents were used to produce pulps with higher brightness and better quality. Single-stage oxidative (H2O2) or reductive (FAS) bleaching and the combination of these 2 stages of (H2O2-FAS) bleaching were carried out. Single-stage bleaching gave pulps having increased brightness over base papers, while 2-stage bleaching gave resulting pulps with brightnesses of more than 60% ISO and higher yields. Either H2O2 or FAS alone at 2% dosages could bleach DIP from OXP to more than 80% ISO brightness, while providing the bleached pulp with better brightness stability. Colored OTB paper could be bleached with 2-stage H2O2 bleaching and an activation reagent, TAED, to a brightness of 70% ISO or greater. Further treatment with FAS increased the brightness up to 74.4% ISO. When DIP from colored waste paper was treated with 1-5% hypochlorite prior to bleaching with 5-15% H2O2, brightness gain of the resulting pulp tended to correlate with the concentration of H2O2. Based on unit brightness gain, the best efficiency was obtained at 10% H2O2 dosage, with all resulting pulps having brightnesses of about 70% ISO. A combination of 3% hypochlorite and 10% H2O2 which gave pulp brightness of 69% ISO was recommended. Maximal treatment conditions of 5% hypochlorite, 15% H2O2, and 2% TAED gave a pulp brightness of 74.4% ISO. Upon reductive bleaching treatment, however, this pulp did not show brightness gain as was the case with 2-stage H2O2 bleaching. Combined hypochlorite-and hydrogen peroxide-treated pulp tended to have improved inter-fiber bonding and smoother surfaces. Density and such properties as tensile and bursting strengths and folding endurance of handsheets from bleached pulp also increased with increased bleaching agent dosage.

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