Diurnal and Annual Temperature Variations in Experimental Forests of the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute

林業試驗所各林區氣溫日變化及年變化

陸象豫(Shiang-Yue Lu) ； 黃良鑫(Liang-Shin Hwang) ； 唐凱軍(Kai-Jung Tang)

《台灣林業科學》 19卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 15-25

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200403.0015

摘要

溫度及其變化會影響種子發芽與林木生長，亦為決定森林生態系特性的首要環境因子。本研究報告分析林業試驗所10座氣象站氣溫的年與日變化量，獲知所有氣象站最高與最低月平均氣溫均分別發生於7月及l月，月平均最高氣溫及最低氣溫分別為太麻里氣象站7月的28.6℃及畢祿溪氣象站的6.52℃。由於週期較短，日溫差相對地顯現較大的變異幅度，其中日溫差變化最大的測站為畢祿溪，高達22.1℃，最小則為恆春測站的11.8℃。海拔較高的測站，因受地形及雲霧等影響每日最高氣溫多發生於中午之前，而其他測站則發生於午後，並以14:00為最多。每日最低氣溫多發生於清晨06:00日出前，且發生時間地形不受地形及海拔高影響。

關鍵字

氣溫變化 ； 氣象站 ； 日溫差

並列摘要

Temperature regimes are the main factor that determine the type of forest ecosystems and the most important factor for seed germination and vegetative growth. Diurnal and annual temperature variations for 10 meteorological stations of the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute (TFRI) were analyzed in this report. The results indicate that the highest and lowest air temperatures occurred in July and January, respectively, at all stations of TFRI. Monthly average air temperatures ranged from 6.5 to 28.6℃, and those extremes occurred in January at the Piluchi station and in July at the Taimali station, respectively. The diurnal range of temperature is relatively large owing to the shortness of the daily cycle. The largest daily temperature discrepancy was found at the Piluchi station which had a range of 22.1℃, while the smallest discrepancy was at the Hengchen station with a range of 11.8℃. Times of highest temperatures within a day occurred before noon for stations at higher elevations, while those of other stations occurred after noon and mostly around 14:00. Cloud cover was the possible reason for the earlier occurrence of the highest temperature at higher elevations because clouds are usually present before noon particularly in summer months. The lowest temperature within a day mostly occurred at about 06:00 before dawn and had no relationship with elevation or season.

並列關鍵字

temperature variation ； meteorological station ； diurnal temperature range