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Vegetation Dynamics of a Lowland Rainforest at the Northern Border of the Paleotropics at Nanjenshan, Southern Taiwan

南台灣南仁山舊熱帶北緣之低地雨林植被動態

摘要


長期森林動態研究有助於瞭解森林運作的模式。本研究針對舊熱帶域邊緣,一座位於台灣南部溪谷邊的低地雨林(南仁山),設置兩調查樣區,定期進行每木調查。所有胸高直徑大於1公分的木本植物都加以測量直徑、鑑定物種以及繪製分布圖。至今,南仁山樣區Ⅰ已有3次調查紀錄,分別於1993、2000及2008年,而南仁山樣區Ⅱ則已有2次調查,分別於1999及2008年。於2008年時,此兩樣區植株數共計有10,581株,物種計有106種,分屬41科75屬。在物種組成方面,兩樣區變動不大,和其前一次調查的林分相似性(Motyka's index of similarity)皆達93~95%。但是,在2000~2008年間,樣區I增加了10.0%的個體,減少了1.6%的底面積,並且樹木死亡的方式主要方式為斷折(46.3%)。於近似的調查年間(1999~2008),樣區Ⅱ則個體只減少了0.4%,底面積增加了2.6%,而樹木的主要死亡方式為立枯(66.7%)。除此之外,樣區I於2000~2008年間,有較高比例的大樹死亡,以及較多先驅物種進入。這些結果顯示,樣區Ⅰ於最近一期的調查年間(2000~2008),曾遭遇到頻度較高的擾動,其有可能是颱風造成。在同一時期,樣區Ⅱ可能因為海拔較低和面積較小,而受到較良好的遮蔽效應和較低的林隙邊緣效應。因此,更進一步調查颱風前後樣區內的樹冠林隙變化,將有助於釐清此台灣低地雨林的干擾機制。

並列摘要


Long-term forest dynamic studies are vital for revealing how forests function. We conducted tree-by-tree censuses on 2 plots located in a valley of a lowland rainforest at Nanjenshan, southern Taiwan, which is located at the northern border of the Paleotropics. All free-standing trees ≥ 1 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were identified, measured, and mapped for Nanjenshan plot Ⅰ in 1993, 2000, and 2008, and for Nanjenshan plot Ⅱ in 1999 and 2008. In 2008, 10,581 individuals in total were recorded in the 2 plots, belonging to 106 species, 75 genera, and 41 families. The community similarity index (Motyka's index of similarity) showed that the 2 plots had 93~95% similarities to prior census. During 2000~2008, individuals in plot Ⅰ increased by 10.0%, but the basal area decreased by 1.6%, and the plot was dominated by the broken mode of death (46.3%). During a similar period (1999~2008), individuals in plot Ⅱ only decreased by 0.4%, the basal area increased by 2.6%, and the plot was dominated by the standing mode of death (66.7%). In addition, a higher proportion of large trees had died and more pioneer species were recruited in the same period in plot Ⅰ. These results indicate that during the 2000~2008 census period, plot Ⅰ might have experienced an increased frequency of disturbances, which could be caused by typhoons. In the meantime, the relatively low-elevation, small-sized plot Ⅱ might have been better sheltered and less influenced by the gap-edge effect. Advanced studies of canopy gaps before and after typhoon seasons can help elucidate the disturbance mechanisms of lowland rainforests in Taiwan.

被引用紀錄


陳佳雯(2012)。南仁山溪谷樣區熱帶低地雨林枯木存量與動態〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2012.00367

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