“現代都會”的“機能中國”反歸：戰后初期中原學院的建筑設計論述形構（1950末~1970初）

A Modern-Urbanism Recall for Functional China and Its Spatial-Humanistic Loss: The Discursive Formation of Architectural Design at Chung Yuan College in Early Postwar Taiwan

蕭百興(Pai-Hsing Hsial)

《城市與設計學報》 11&12期 (2000/03) Pp. 159-205

https://doi.org/10.30008/CD.200003.0006

摘要

「設計」在戰後台灣的建築學院中，早已建立起幾近神聖的歷史地位。這種現象與台灣戰後特有的依賴現代性情境脫不了關係：在國府地緣政治依賴脈絡下，西方各種「改良」的現代主義陸續輸入了台灣的建築學院，從而開展了一段第三世界建築學院藉由設計論述展露主體意慾的歷史過程。其中，由黃寶瑜等文化本位主義者於五○年代未至七○年代初在中原學院以計劃學為依歸所建構出的現代「中國」都市環境論述及空間修辭學，乃是台灣建築學院設計論述日益世俗化、並形成忽略空間性神話的一環。本文旨在對此設計論述淪為魔咒的關鍵過程作一論述形構的系譜考掘，除希望闡明爾等設計論述所產生的空間性基礎、以及所蘊含的文化邏輯與歷史社會意涵外，亦希望能因此開放「設計」的象徵性意義，以為下階段「學院」設計教育提供另類可能的視野！

關鍵字

建築史 ； 建築設計史 ； 台灣 ； 論述分析 ； 空間性 ； 空間 ； 異質地方 ； 依賴的現代性 ； 計劃學 ； 都市 ； 文化本位主義 ； 中原學院 ； 黃寶瑜 ； 中國

並列摘要

As a newly established discipline, 'Design' has acquired its historical position, which is nearly holy and mystical, in the architectural academies of postwar Taiwan. The causes that resulted in the phenomena had their complicatedly social-historical origins, which were closely related to the condition of the dependent modernity of postwar Taiwan. Under the structural context of geo-political dependency, so many different editions of the improved modernisms of the 'western' world had been imported into the academic world of Taiwan. It had had so great advantage to develop different discursive practices in Taiwan's academies.
Among so many discursive practices, the modern 'Chinese' urban-environmental discourse constructed by Bao-yu Huang and his culturally conservative companions at Chung Yuan College from the late 1950s to the early1970s was a very important one. By using the building of the real space and the manipulation of the representation of space, they recalled the harmoniously rational nature of traditional Chinese space and constructed the architectural-design discourse based on the theory in modern urban planning. Though their goal was to repair the humanitarian loss resulted from the social-urban changes, their practices paradoxically consolidated the ahistorically and antisocially secular tendency that had been started by the capitalistic market, and resulted in the ignoring of the deeply humanistic meanings of spatiality.
The writing of this paper aims to display the concretely historical process of the formation of the architectural-design discourse of early Chung Yuan. Therefore, we can attempt to demystify the ideological clouds obscuring 'design', to release the magically symbolic power of 'design', and to suggest openly an alternative horizon for the design teachings in Taiwan's architectural academies.

並列關鍵字

architectural history ； history of architectural design ； Taiwan ； discursive analysis ； spatiality ； space ； heteotopia ； modernity of dependency ； planning ； urban ； cultural conservatism ； Chung Yuan College ； Bao-yu Huan