醫學系與護理系學生自我概念落差與死亡焦慮之關係

The Relationship between Self-concept Discrepancy and Death Anxiety in Medical and Nursing Students

張利中(Li-Jung Chang) ； 林志龍(Chi-Long Lin) ； 洪栩隆(Hsu-Lung Hong)

《Journal of Medical Education》 5卷1期 (2001/03) Pp. 40-51

https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.200103_5(1).0006

摘要

本研究應用自我概念落差理論，來探索某醫學大學醫學與護理系學生在「應該我與真實我」及「理想我與真實我」的自我概念落差分數與死亡焦慮之間的關係。在投入了個人變項及「理想我與真實我」和「應該我與真實我」分別在學業、運動體能、藝術文學、社交能力、獨立自主和關懷體恤等主題上各六項差異分數之後，迴歸分析發現三個能夠預測死亡焦慮的變項為：「家中公開討論死亡」、「應該我與真實我在藝術文學的差異分數」及「應該我與真實我在關懷體恤的義異分數」。此發現支持了本研究的假設：「應該我與真實我」的落差分數比「理想我與真實我」的落差分數更能有效的預測研究對象的死亡焦慮；且能看出研究對象對於「藝術文學」及「關懷體恤」的重視，但是在自覺能力上卻有所不足。本研究並針對自我概念的內化程度、在醫學教育上的應用及後續研究方向加以討論。

關鍵字

死亡焦慮 ； 自我概念落差 ； 醫學生 ； 護理學生

並列摘要

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between self-discrepancy and death anxiety among undergraduate medical and nursing students. It was hypothesized that ought/actual discrepancy scores would be better predictors of death anxiety in the study participants than ideal/actual discrepancy scores. A total of 352 students were recruited to complete a set of questionnaires. Regression analyses found that three predictors of death anxiety are “expression of death within the family”, “ought/actual discrepancy score in arts and literature”, “and ought/actual discrepancy score in caring”. The “level of internalization hypothesis” was supported by the results. The present study helps to raise the issue of “appropriate levels of death anxiety” and the “needs hierarchy hypothesis”. Future investigation of these two issues is discussed. (Full text in Chinese)

並列關鍵字

death anxiety ； self discrepancy ； medical students ； nursing students